Methods and devices for transmitting device capability information

ABSTRACT

Apparatuses, methods, and systems are disclosed for transmitting device capability information. The method includes operating a device with multiple antenna port groups for communication between the device and a network. The method includes transmitting, by the device, device capability information to the network. The device capability information includes a number of antenna port groups of the multiple antenna port groups, a number of antenna ports for each of the antenna port groups, a maximum number of supported spatial layers for each of the antenna port groups, or some combination thereof.

CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS

This application is a continuation of U.S. patent application Ser. No.16/128,453 filed on Sep. 11, 2018 which claims priority to U.S. PatentApplication Ser. No. 62/557,037 entitled “RADIO LINK MONITORING” andfiled on Sep. 11, 2017 for Hyejung Jung, all of which are incorporatedherein by reference in their entirety.

FIELD

The subject matter disclosed herein relates generally to wirelesscommunications and more particularly relates to methods and devices fortransmitting device capability information.

BACKGROUND

The following abbreviations are herewith defined, at least some of whichare referred to within the following description: Third GenerationPartnership Project (“3GPP”), Fifth Generation (“5G”),Positive-Acknowledgment (“ACK”), Angle of Arrival (“AoA”), Angle ofDeparture (“AoD”), Binary Phase Shift Keying (“BPSK”), Block Error Rate(“BLER”), Beam Failure Recovery Request (“BFRR”), Beam-Pair Link(“BPL”), Clear Channel Assessment (“CCA”), Cyclic Delay Diversity(“CDD”), Cyclic Prefix (“CP”), Cyclical Redundancy Check (“CRC”), CSI-RSResource Indicator (“CRI”), Channel State Information (“CSI”), CommonSearch Space (“CSS”), Discrete Fourier Transform Spread (“DFTS”),Downlink Control Information (“DCI”), Downlink (“DL”), Demodulation(“DM”), Downlink Pilot Time Slot (“DwPTS”), Enhanced Clear ChannelAssessment (“eCCA”), Enhanced Mobile Broadband (“eMBB”), Evolved Node B(“eNB”), Enhanced Vehicle-to-Everything (“eV2X”), EuropeanTelecommunications Standards Institute (“ETSI”), Frame Based Equipment(“FBE”), Frequency Division Duplex (“FDD”), Frequency Division MultipleAccess (“FDMA”), Frequency Division Orthogonal Cover Code (“FD-OCC”),Guard Period (“GP”), Hybrid Automatic Repeat Request (“HARQ”), In-Sync(“IS”), Internet-of-Things (“IoT”), Licensed Assisted Access (“LAA”),Load Based Equipment (“LBE”), Listen-Before-Talk (“LBT”), Long TermEvolution (“LTE”), Multiple Access (“MA”), Master Cell Group (“MCG”),Modulation Coding Scheme (“MCS”), Measurement Indicator (“MI”), MachineType Communication (“MTC”), Multiple Input Multiple Output (“MIMO”),Multi User Shared Access (“MUSA”), Narrowband (“NB”),Negative-Acknowledgment (“NACK”) or (“NAK”), Next Generation Node B(“gNB”), Non-Orthogonal Multiple Access (“NOMA”), Non-Zero Power(“NZP”), Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (“OFDM”),Out-of-Sync (“OOS”), Power Angular Spectrum (“PAS”), Primary ServingCell (“PCell”), Physical Broadcast Channel (“PBCH”), Physical DownlinkControl Channel (“PDCCH”), Physical Downlink Shared Channel (“PDSCH”),Pattern Division Multiple Access (“PDMA”), Physical Hybrid ARQ IndicatorChannel (“PHICH”), Power Headroom Report (“PHR”), Physical Random AccessChannel (“PRACH”), Physical Resource Block (“PRB”), Physical ResourceBlock Group (“PRG”), Primary Secondary Cell (“PSCell”), Physical UplinkControl Channel (“PUCCH”), Physical Uplink Shared Channel (“PUSCH”),Quasi Co-Located (“QCL”), Quality of Service (“QoS”), QCL ReferenceIndicator (“QRI”), Quadrature Phase Shift Keying (“QPSK”), RadioResource Control (“RRC”), Random Access Procedure (“RACH”), RandomAccess Response (“RAR”), Radio Access Technology (“RAT”), Radio LinkFailure (“RLF”), Radio Link Monitoring (“RLM”), Radio Network TemporaryIdentifier (“RNTI”), Reference Signal (“RS”), Remaining Minimum SystemInformation (“RMSI”), Resource Spread Multiple Access (“RSMA”),Reference Signal Received Power (“RSRP”), Round Trip Time (“RTT”),Receive (“RX”), Secondary Cell Group (“SCG”), Sparse Code MultipleAccess (“SCMA”), Scheduling Request (“SR”), Single Carrier FrequencyDivision Multiple Access (“SC-FDMA”), Secondary Cell (“SCell”), SharedChannel (“SCH”), Signal-to-Interference-Plus-Noise Ratio (“SINK”),System Information Block (“SIB”), Synchronization Signal (“SS”),Supplemental Uplink (“SUL”), Timing Advance (“TA”), Transport Block(“TB”), Transport Block Size (“TBS”), Time-Division Duplex (“TDD”), TimeDivision Multiplex (“TDM”), Time Division Orthogonal Cover Code(“TD-OCC”), Transmit Power Control (“TPC”), Transmission and ReceptionPoint (“TRP”), Time/Frequency Tracking RS (“TRS”), Transmission TimeInterval (“TTI”), Transmit (“TX”), Uplink Control Information (“UCI”),User Entity/Equipment (Mobile Terminal) (“UE”), Uplink (“UL”), UniversalMobile Telecommunications System (“UMTS”), Uplink Pilot Time Slot(“UpPTS”), Ultra-reliability and Low-latency Communications (“URLLC”),and Worldwide Interoperability for Microwave Access (“WiMAX”). As usedherein, “HARQ-ACK” may represent collectively the Positive Acknowledge(“ACK”) and the Negative Acknowledge (“NACK”). ACK means that a TB iscorrectly received while NACK (or NAK) means a TB is erroneouslyreceived.

In certain wireless communications networks, device capabilityinformation may be transmitted. In such networks, the device capabilityinformation may be unknown.

BRIEF SUMMARY

Methods for transmitting device capability information are disclosed.Apparatuses and systems also perform the functions of the method. In oneembodiment, the method includes operating a device with multiple antennaport groups for communication between the device and a network. Incertain embodiments, the method includes transmitting, by the device,device capability information to the network. In such embodiments, thedevice capability information includes a number of antenna port groupsof the multiple antenna port groups, a number of antenna ports for eachof the antenna port groups, a maximum number of supported spatial layersfor each of the antenna port groups, or some combination thereof.

One apparatus for transmitting device capability information includes aprocessor that operates the apparatus with multiple antenna port groupsfor communication between the apparatus and a network. In certainembodiments, the apparatus includes a transmitter that transmits devicecapability information to the network. In such embodiments, the devicecapability information includes a number of antenna port groups of themultiple antenna port groups, a number of antenna ports for each of theantenna port groups, a maximum number of supported spatial layers foreach of the antenna port groups, or some combination thereof.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

A more particular description of the embodiments briefly described abovewill be rendered by reference to specific embodiments that areillustrated in the appended drawings. Understanding that these drawingsdepict only some embodiments and are not therefore to be considered tobe limiting of scope, the embodiments will be described and explainedwith additional specificity and detail through the use of theaccompanying drawings, in which:

FIG. 1 is a schematic block diagram illustrating one embodiment of awireless communication system for radio link monitoring;

FIG. 2 is a schematic block diagram illustrating one embodiment of anapparatus that may be used for radio link monitoring;

FIG. 3 is a schematic block diagram illustrating one embodiment of anapparatus that may be used for radio link monitoring;

FIG. 4 is a schematic block diagram illustrating one embodiment of asystem including a two-panel UE;

FIG. 5 is a schematic block diagram illustrating one embodiment of asystem using UE-based beam tagging;

FIG. 6 is a schematic block diagram illustrating one embodiment of asystem using TRP-based beam tagging;

FIG. 7 is a schematic block diagram illustrating another embodiment of asystem using UE-based beam tagging;

FIG. 8 is a schematic block diagram illustrating one embodiment of amethod for radio link monitoring;

FIG. 9 is a schematic block diagram illustrating one embodiment of amethod for beam failure recovery; and

FIG. 10 is a schematic block diagram illustrating one embodiment of amethod for transmitting device capability information.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION

As will be appreciated by one skilled in the art, aspects of theembodiments may be embodied as a system, apparatus, method, or programproduct. Accordingly, embodiments may take the form of an entirelyhardware embodiment, an entirely software embodiment (includingfirmware, resident software, micro-code, etc.) or an embodimentcombining software and hardware aspects that may all generally bereferred to herein as a “circuit,” “module” or “system.” Furthermore,embodiments may take the form of a program product embodied in one ormore computer readable storage devices storing machine readable code,computer readable code, and/or program code, referred hereafter as code.The storage devices may be tangible, non-transitory, and/ornon-transmission. The storage devices may not embody signals. In acertain embodiment, the storage devices only employ signals foraccessing code.

Certain of the functional units described in this specification may belabeled as modules, in order to more particularly emphasize theirimplementation independence. For example, a module may be implemented asa hardware circuit comprising custom very-large-scale integration(“VLSI”) circuits or gate arrays, off-the-shelf semiconductors such aslogic chips, transistors, or other discrete components. A module mayalso be implemented in programmable hardware devices such as fieldprogrammable gate arrays, programmable array logic, programmable logicdevices or the like.

Modules may also be implemented in code and/or software for execution byvarious types of processors. An identified module of code may, forinstance, include one or more physical or logical blocks of executablecode which may, for instance, be organized as an object, procedure, orfunction. Nevertheless, the executables of an identified module need notbe physically located together, but may include disparate instructionsstored in different locations which, when joined logically together,include the module and achieve the stated purpose for the module.

Indeed, a module of code may be a single instruction, or manyinstructions, and may even be distributed over several different codesegments, among different programs, and across several memory devices.Similarly, operational data may be identified and illustrated hereinwithin modules, and may be embodied in any suitable form and organizedwithin any suitable type of data structure. The operational data may becollected as a single data set, or may be distributed over differentlocations including over different computer readable storage devices.Where a module or portions of a module are implemented in software, thesoftware portions are stored on one or more computer readable storagedevices.

Any combination of one or more computer readable medium may be utilized.The computer readable medium may be a computer readable storage medium.The computer readable storage medium may be a storage device storing thecode. The storage device may be, for example, but not limited to, anelectronic, magnetic, optical, electromagnetic, infrared, holographic,micromechanical, or semiconductor system, apparatus, or device, or anysuitable combination of the foregoing.

More specific examples (a non-exhaustive list) of the storage devicewould include the following: an electrical connection having one or morewires, a portable computer diskette, a hard disk, a random access memory(“RAM”), a read-only memory (“ROM”), an erasable programmable read-onlymemory (“EPROM” or Flash memory), a portable compact disc read-onlymemory (“CD-ROM”), an optical storage device, a magnetic storage device,or any suitable combination of the foregoing. In the context of thisdocument, a computer readable storage medium may be any tangible mediumthat can contain, or store a program for use by or in connection with aninstruction execution system, apparatus, or device.

Code for carrying out operations for embodiments may be any number oflines and may be written in any combination of one or more programminglanguages including an object oriented programming language such asPython, Ruby, Java, Smalltalk, C++, or the like, and conventionalprocedural programming languages, such as the “C” programming language,or the like, and/or machine languages such as assembly languages. Thecode may execute entirely on the user's computer, partly on the user'scomputer, as a stand-alone software package, partly on the user'scomputer and partly on a remote computer or entirely on the remotecomputer or server. In the latter scenario, the remote computer may beconnected to the user's computer through any type of network, includinga local area network (“LAN”) or a wide area network (“WAN”), or theconnection may be made to an external computer (for example, through theInternet using an Internet Service Provider).

Reference throughout this specification to “one embodiment,” “anembodiment,” or similar language means that a particular feature,structure, or characteristic described in connection with the embodimentis included in at least one embodiment. Thus, appearances of the phrases“in one embodiment,” “in an embodiment,” and similar language throughoutthis specification may, but do not necessarily, all refer to the sameembodiment, but mean “one or more but not all embodiments” unlessexpressly specified otherwise. The terms “including,” “comprising,”“having,” and variations thereof mean “including but not limited to,”unless expressly specified otherwise. An enumerated listing of itemsdoes not imply that any or all of the items are mutually exclusive,unless expressly specified otherwise. The terms “a,” “an,” and “the”also refer to “one or more” unless expressly specified otherwise.

Furthermore, the described features, structures, or characteristics ofthe embodiments may be combined in any suitable manner. In the followingdescription, numerous specific details are provided, such as examples ofprogramming, software modules, user selections, network transactions,database queries, database structures, hardware modules, hardwarecircuits, hardware chips, etc., to provide a thorough understanding ofembodiments. One skilled in the relevant art will recognize, however,that embodiments may be practiced without one or more of the specificdetails, or with other methods, components, materials, and so forth. Inother instances, well-known structures, materials, or operations are notshown or described in detail to avoid obscuring aspects of anembodiment.

Aspects of the embodiments are described below with reference toschematic flowchart diagrams and/or schematic block diagrams of methods,apparatuses, systems, and program products according to embodiments. Itwill be understood that each block of the schematic flowchart diagramsand/or schematic block diagrams, and combinations of blocks in theschematic flowchart diagrams and/or schematic block diagrams, can beimplemented by code. The code may be provided to a processor of ageneral purpose computer, special purpose computer, or otherprogrammable data processing apparatus to produce a machine, such thatthe instructions, which execute via the processor of the computer orother programmable data processing apparatus, create means forimplementing the functions/acts specified in the schematic flowchartdiagrams and/or schematic block diagrams block or blocks.

The code may also be stored in a storage device that can direct acomputer, other programmable data processing apparatus, or other devicesto function in a particular manner, such that the instructions stored inthe storage device produce an article of manufacture includinginstructions which implement the function/act specified in the schematicflowchart diagrams and/or schematic block diagrams block or blocks.

The code may also be loaded onto a computer, other programmable dataprocessing apparatus, or other devices to cause a series of operationalsteps to be performed on the computer, other programmable apparatus orother devices to produce a computer implemented process such that thecode which execute on the computer or other programmable apparatusprovide processes for implementing the functions/acts specified in theflowchart and/or block diagram block or blocks.

The schematic flowchart diagrams and/or schematic block diagrams in theFigures illustrate the architecture, functionality, and operation ofpossible implementations of apparatuses, systems, methods and programproducts according to various embodiments. In this regard, each block inthe schematic flowchart diagrams and/or schematic block diagrams mayrepresent a module, segment, or portion of code, which includes one ormore executable instructions of the code for implementing the specifiedlogical function(s).

It should also be noted that, in some alternative implementations, thefunctions noted in the block may occur out of the order noted in theFigures. For example, two blocks shown in succession may, in fact, beexecuted substantially concurrently, or the blocks may sometimes beexecuted in the reverse order, depending upon the functionalityinvolved. Other steps and methods may be conceived that are equivalentin function, logic, or effect to one or more blocks, or portionsthereof, of the illustrated Figures.

Although various arrow types and line types may be employed in theflowchart and/or block diagrams, they are understood not to limit thescope of the corresponding embodiments. Indeed, some arrows or otherconnectors may be used to indicate only the logical flow of the depictedembodiment. For instance, an arrow may indicate a waiting or monitoringperiod of unspecified duration between enumerated steps of the depictedembodiment. It will also be noted that each block of the block diagramsand/or flowchart diagrams, and combinations of blocks in the blockdiagrams and/or flowchart diagrams, can be implemented by specialpurpose hardware-based systems that perform the specified functions oracts, or combinations of special purpose hardware and code.

The description of elements in each figure may refer to elements ofproceeding figures. Like numbers refer to like elements in all figures,including alternate embodiments of like elements.

FIG. 1 depicts an embodiment of a wireless communication system 100 forradio link monitoring. In one embodiment, the wireless communicationsystem 100 includes remote units 102 and network units 104. Even thougha specific number of remote units 102 and network units 104 are depictedin FIG. 1, one of skill in the art will recognize that any number ofremote units 102 and network units 104 may be included in the wirelesscommunication system 100.

In one embodiment, the remote units 102 may include computing devices,such as desktop computers, laptop computers, personal digital assistants(“PDAs”), tablet computers, smart phones, smart televisions (e.g.,televisions connected to the Internet), set-top boxes, game consoles,security systems (including security cameras), vehicle on-boardcomputers, network devices (e.g., routers, switches, modems), aerialvehicles, drones, or the like. In some embodiments, the remote units 102include wearable devices, such as smart watches, fitness bands, opticalhead-mounted displays, or the like. Moreover, the remote units 102 maybe referred to as subscriber units, mobiles, mobile stations, users,terminals, mobile terminals, fixed terminals, subscriber stations, UE,user terminals, a device, or by other terminology used in the art. Theremote units 102 may communicate directly with one or more of thenetwork units 104 via UL communication signals.

The network units 104 may be distributed over a geographic region. Incertain embodiments, a network unit 104 may also be referred to as anaccess point, an access terminal, a base, a base station, a Node-B, aneNB, a gNB, a Home Node-B, a relay node, a device, a core network, anaerial server, or by any other terminology used in the art. The networkunits 104 are generally part of a radio access network that includes oneor more controllers communicably coupled to one or more correspondingnetwork units 104. The radio access network is generally communicablycoupled to one or more core networks, which may be coupled to othernetworks, like the Internet and public switched telephone networks,among other networks. These and other elements of radio access and corenetworks are not illustrated but are well known generally by thosehaving ordinary skill in the art.

In one implementation, the wireless communication system 100 iscompliant with the 3GPP protocol, wherein the network unit 104 transmitsusing an OFDM modulation scheme on the DL and the remote units 102transmit on the UL using a SC-FDMA scheme or an OFDM scheme. Moregenerally, however, the wireless communication system 100 may implementsome other open or proprietary communication protocol, for example,WiMAX, among other protocols. The present disclosure is not intended tobe limited to the implementation of any particular wirelesscommunication system architecture or protocol.

The network units 104 may serve a number of remote units 102 within aserving area, for example, a cell or a cell sector via a wirelesscommunication link. The network units 104 transmit DL communicationsignals to serve the remote units 102 in the time, frequency, and/orspatial domain.

In one embodiment, a remote unit 102 may be used for radio linkmonitoring. In some embodiments, the remote unit 102 may be used formeasuring a first set of reference signals for radio link monitoring. Incertain embodiments, the remote unit 102 may be used for receiving anindication of a second set of reference signals for radio linkmonitoring. In various embodiments, the remote unit 102 may be used forresetting a counter in response to reception of the indication of thesecond set of reference signals. In some embodiments, the first set ofreference signals is associated with a first set of downlink antennaports, the second set of reference signals is associated with a secondset of downlink antenna ports, and the first set of downlink antennaports is different from the second set of downlink antenna ports.

In certain embodiments, a network unit 104 may be used for beam failurerecovery. In some embodiments, the network unit 104 may be used fortransmitting a first set of reference signals. In various embodiments,the network unit 104 may be used for transmitting an indication of asecond set of reference signals. In such embodiments, the first set ofreference signals is associated with a first set of downlink antennaports, the second set of reference signals is associated with a secondset of downlink antenna ports, and the first set of downlink antennaports is different from the second set of downlink antenna ports. Incertain embodiments, the network unit 104 may be used for transmittingan indication of at least one physical uplink control channel resourceand at least one physical random access channel resource for receiving abeam failure recovery request. In such embodiments, each of the at leastone physical uplink control channel resource and the at least onephysical random access channel resource are associated with at least onedownlink antenna port. In some embodiments, the network unit 104 may beused for receiving a beam failure recovery request. In variousembodiments, the network unit 104 may be used for transmitting aresponse to the beam failure recovery request. In such embodiments, theresponse includes configuration information corresponding to the secondset of reference signals.

FIG. 2 depicts one embodiment of an apparatus 200 that may be used forradio link monitoring. The apparatus 200 includes one embodiment of theremote unit 102. Furthermore, the remote unit 102 may include aprocessor 202, a memory 204, an input device 206, a display 208, atransmitter 210, and a receiver 212. In some embodiments, the inputdevice 206 and the display 208 are combined into a single device, suchas a touchscreen. In certain embodiments, the remote unit 102 may notinclude any input device 206 and/or display 208. In various embodiments,the remote unit 102 may include one or more of the processor 202, thememory 204, the transmitter 210, and the receiver 212, and may notinclude the input device 206 and/or the display 208.

The processor 202, in one embodiment, may include any known controllercapable of executing computer-readable instructions and/or capable ofperforming logical operations. For example, the processor 202 may be amicrocontroller, a microprocessor, a central processing unit (“CPU”), agraphics processing unit (“GPU”), an auxiliary processing unit, a fieldprogrammable gate array (“FPGA”), or similar programmable controller. Insome embodiments, the processor 202 executes instructions stored in thememory 204 to perform the methods and routines described herein. Invarious embodiments, the processor 202 measures a first set of referencesignals for radio link monitoring. In certain embodiments, the processor202 resets a counter in response to reception of an indication of asecond set of reference signals. In some embodiments, the first set ofreference signals is associated with a first set of downlink antennaports, the second set of reference signals is associated with a secondset of downlink antenna ports, and the first set of downlink antennaports is different from the second set of downlink antenna ports. Theprocessor 202 is communicatively coupled to the memory 204, the inputdevice 206, the display 208, the transmitter 210, and the receiver 212.

The memory 204, in one embodiment, is a computer readable storagemedium. In some embodiments, the memory 204 includes volatile computerstorage media. For example, the memory 204 may include a RAM, includingdynamic RAM (“DRAM”), synchronous dynamic RAM (“SDRAM”), and/or staticRAM (“SRAM”). In some embodiments, the memory 204 includes non-volatilecomputer storage media. For example, the memory 204 may include a harddisk drive, a flash memory, or any other suitable non-volatile computerstorage device. In some embodiments, the memory 204 includes bothvolatile and non-volatile computer storage media. In some embodiments,the memory 204 also stores program code and related data, such as anoperating system or other controller algorithms operating on the remoteunit 102.

The input device 206, in one embodiment, may include any known computerinput device including a touch panel, a button, a keyboard, a stylus, amicrophone, or the like. In some embodiments, the input device 206 maybe integrated with the display 208, for example, as a touchscreen orsimilar touch-sensitive display. In some embodiments, the input device206 includes a touchscreen such that text may be input using a virtualkeyboard displayed on the touchscreen and/or by handwriting on thetouchscreen. In some embodiments, the input device 206 includes two ormore different devices, such as a keyboard and a touch panel.

The display 208, in one embodiment, may include any known electronicallycontrollable display or display device. The display 208 may be designedto output visual, audible, and/or haptic signals. In some embodiments,the display 208 includes an electronic display capable of outputtingvisual data to a user. For example, the display 208 may include, but isnot limited to, an LCD display, an LED display, an OLED display, aprojector, or similar display device capable of outputting images, text,or the like to a user. As another, non-limiting, example, the display208 may include a wearable display such as a smart watch, smart glasses,a heads-up display, or the like. Further, the display 208 may be acomponent of a smart phone, a personal digital assistant, a television,a table computer, a notebook (laptop) computer, a personal computer, avehicle dashboard, or the like.

In certain embodiments, the display 208 includes one or more speakersfor producing sound. For example, the display 208 may produce an audiblealert or notification (e.g., a beep or chime). In some embodiments, thedisplay 208 includes one or more haptic devices for producingvibrations, motion, or other haptic feedback. In some embodiments, allor portions of the display 208 may be integrated with the input device206. For example, the input device 206 and display 208 may form atouchscreen or similar touch-sensitive display. In other embodiments,the display 208 may be located near the input device 206.

The transmitter 210 is used to provide UL communication signals to thenetwork unit 104 and the receiver 212 is used to receive DLcommunication signals from the network unit 104, as described herein. Incertain embodiments, the receiver 212 receives an indication of a secondset of reference signals for radio link monitoring. Although only onetransmitter 210 and one receiver 212 are illustrated, the remote unit102 may have any suitable number of transmitters 210 and receivers 212.The transmitter 210 and the receiver 212 may be any suitable type oftransmitters and receivers. In one embodiment, the transmitter 210 andthe receiver 212 may be part of a transceiver.

FIG. 3 depicts one embodiment of an apparatus 300 that may be used forradio link monitoring. The apparatus 300 includes one embodiment of thenetwork unit 104. Furthermore, the network unit 104 may include aprocessor 302, a memory 304, an input device 306, a display 308, atransmitter 310, and a receiver 312. As may be appreciated, theprocessor 302, the memory 304, the input device 306, the display 308,the transmitter 310, and the receiver 312 may be substantially similarto the processor 202, the memory 204, the input device 206, the display208, the transmitter 210, and the receiver 212 of the remote unit 102,respectively.

In some embodiments, the transmitter 310: transmits a first set ofreference signals; transmits an indication of a second set of referencesignals, wherein the first set of reference signals is associated with afirst set of downlink antenna ports, the second set of reference signalsis associated with a second set of downlink antenna ports, and the firstset of downlink antenna ports is different from the second set ofdownlink antenna ports; and transmits an indication of at least onephysical uplink control channel resource and at least one physicalrandom access channel resource for receiving a beam failure recoveryrequest, wherein each of the at least one physical uplink controlchannel resource and the at least one physical random access channelresource are associated with at least one downlink antenna port. Incertain embodiments, the receiver 312 receives a beam failure recoveryrequest. In some embodiments, the transmitter 310 transmits a responseto the beam failure recovery request, and the response includesconfiguration information corresponding to the second set of referencesignals.

Although only one transmitter 310 and one receiver 312 are illustrated,the network unit 104 may have any suitable number of transmitters 310and receivers 312. The transmitter 310 and the receiver 312 may be anysuitable type of transmitters and receivers. In one embodiment, thetransmitter 310 and the receiver 312 may be part of a transceiver.

In some embodiments, such as 5G RAT, a network may support both singlebeam and multi-beam based operations. In such embodiments, a UE (e.g.,remote unit 102) may be configured with one or more RLM-RS resources ina PCell of an MCG and/or a PSCell of an SCG to evaluate radio linkqualities of one or more serving beams. Moreover, each RLM-RS resourcemay be associated with one DL antenna port (e.g., an antenna port of anSS/PBCH block or a CSI-RS antenna port of a CSI-RS resource) and a UEmay derive a cell-level radio link quality from the one or more RLM-RSresources.

In certain embodiments, the UE may assess radio link qualityperiodically (e.g., every radio frame, 10 millisecond (“ms”)) byestimating RS quality (e.g., SINR) from measured RLM-RS (andadditionally from measured interference measurement RS) and comparingthe SINR estimates with threshold values (e.g., Q_(in) and Q_(out)),which, for example, correspond to SINR values for 2% BLER and 10% BLERof hypothetical PDCCH, respectively. In some embodiments, if the SINRestimated over the last X ms (e.g., X=200) period is lower than thethreshold value Q_(out), Layer 1 of the UE may send an OOS indication toa higher layer (e.g., Layer 3). In such embodiments, if the Layer 3receives a certain number of consecutive OOS indications, the UE maystart an RLF timer. Moreover, if the SINR estimated over the last Y ms(e.g., Y=100) period is higher than the threshold value Q_(in), theLayer 1 of the UE may send an IS indication to the Layer 3. Furthermore,before expiration of RLF timer, if the Layer 3 receives a certain numberof consecutive IS indications, the RLF timer may stop. Otherwise, the UEmay declare RLF in response to the RLF timer expiring. Since the UEcounts a number of consecutive OOS indications to determine whether tostart the RLF timer or not, the UE resets an OOS counter receiving uponan IS indication. Similarly, the UE counts a number of consecutive ISindications to determine whether to stop the RLF timer. Thus, the UEresets an IS counter receiving upon an OOS indication.

In certain embodiments, with multiple configured RLM-RS resources, OOSmay be indicated if estimated link qualities (e.g., SINR) for all theconfigured RLM-RS resources are below the Q_(out) threshold value.Furthermore, in some embodiments, IS may be indicated if the estimatedlink qualities on at least Z (e.g., Z=1 or 2) RLM-RS resources among allthe configured RLM-RS resources are above the Q_(in) threshold value. Invarious embodiments, BLER values to determine Q_(in) and Q_(out)threshold values may be set differently per UE or per application,depending on UE types and/or service requirements such as reliabilityand latency.

In some embodiments, a UE in a wireless network operated with multipleDL beams may: transmit a DL beam failure recovery request efficiently(e.g., with less cyclic prefix overhead and potentially with shortertransmission time) depending on deployment scenarios, where DL beams aretransmitted from same and/or different locations, and UL synchronizationstatus; perform radio link monitoring and handle radio link failure,interacting with Layer 1 beam management and/or beam recoveryprocedures.

In certain embodiments, a channel over which a symbol on an antenna portis conveyed can be inferred from the channel over which another symbolon the same antenna port is conveyed.

In certain embodiments, for DM-RS associated with a PDSCH, the channelover which a PDSCH symbol on one antenna port is conveyed can beinferred from the channel over which a DM-RS symbol on the same antennaport is conveyed only if the two symbols are within the same resource asthe scheduled PDSCH, in the same slot, and in the same PRG as describedin clause 5.1.2.3 of [3GPP TS 38.214].

In various embodiments, two antenna ports are said to be QCL iflarge-scale properties of a channel over which a symbol on one antennaport is conveyed can be inferred from the channel over which a symbol onthe other antenna port is conveyed. In some embodiments, the large-scaleproperties may include one or more of: delay spread, Doppler spread,Doppler shift, average gain, average delay, and/or spatial RXparameters. Two antenna ports may be quasi-located with respect to asubset of the large-scale properties. Spatial Rx parameters may includeone or more of: AoA, Dominant AoA, average AoA, angular spread, PAS ofAoA, average AoD, PAS of AoD, transmit and/or receive channelcorrelation, transmit and/or receive beamforming, and/or spatial channelcorrelation.

As used herein, an “antenna port” may be a logical port that maycorrespond to a beam (e.g., resulting from beamforming) or maycorrespond to a physical antenna on a device. In some embodiments, aphysical antenna may map directly to a single antenna port in which anantenna port corresponds to an actual physical antenna. In certainembodiments, a set of physical antennas, a subset of physical antennas,an antenna set, an antenna array, and/or an antenna sub-array may bemapped to one or more antenna ports after applying complex weights, acyclic delay, or both to the signal on each physical antenna. In variousembodiments, a physical antenna set may have antennas from a singlemodule or panel, or from multiple modules or panels. In someembodiments, weights may be fixed as in an antenna virtualizationscheme, such as CDD. In certain embodiments, a procedure used to deriveantenna ports from physical antennas may be specific to a deviceimplementation and transparent to other devices.

In various embodiments, DL TX antenna ports may correspond to antennaports of a single CSI-RS resource, or antenna ports of different CSI-RSresources (e.g., a first subset of DL TX antenna ports corresponding toa first CSI-RS resource, and a second subset of DL TX antenna portscorresponding to a second CSI-RS resource).

In some embodiments, a DL TX antenna port may be associated with one ormore SS blocks in which each SS block has a corresponding SS blockindex. In certain embodiments, an antenna port associated with a firstSS block (e.g., a first SS block index) may correspond to a first DL TXbeam (e.g., beamforming pattern), and an antenna port associated with asecond SS block (e.g., a second SS block index) may correspond to asecond DL TX beam. In various embodiments, depending on an SS block, anantenna port may correspond to different DL TX beams (e.g., a first DLTX beam or a second DL TX beam). In such embodiments, the first DL TXbeam may be different than the second DL TX beam. Moreover, the first SSblock may be different than the second SS block which may result in thefirst SS block index being different than the second SS block index. Inone embodiment, the first SS block may be transmitted at a first timeinstance and the second SS block may be transmitted at a second timeinstance. In another embodiment, the first and second SS blocktransmission instances may overlap and, in some embodiments, the firstand second SS block transmission instances may completely overlap. Incertain embodiments, a UE may assume that any transmission instance ofan SS block with a same SS block index may be transmitted on a sameantenna port. In various embodiments, a UE may not assume that a channelover which a first SS block with a first SS block index is conveyed canbe inferred from the channel over a second SS block with a second SSblock index (e.g., different than the first SS block index) is conveyedeven if the first and second SS blocks are transmitted on the sameantenna port.

In some embodiments, a DL TX antenna port may be associated with one ormore CSI-RS resources. In various embodiments, an antenna portassociated with a first CSI-RS resource (e.g., a first CSI-RS resourceindex) may correspond to a first DL TX beam (e.g., beamforming pattern),and an antenna port associated with a second CSI-RS resource (e.g., asecond CSI-RS resource index) may correspond to a second DL TX beam. Incertain embodiments, depending on a CSI-RS resource, an antenna port maycorrespond to different DL TX beams (e.g., a first DL TX beam or asecond DL TX beam). In such embodiments, the first DL TX beam may bedifferent than the second DL TX beam. Moreover, the first CSI-RSresource may be different than the second CSI-RS resource therebyresulting in the first CSI-RS resource index being different than thesecond CSI-RS resource index. In one embodiment, a first CSI-RS resourcemay be transmitted at a first time instance and a second CSI-RS resourcemay be transmitted at a second time instance. In another embodiment,first and second CSI-RS resource transmission instances may overlap and,in some embodiments, the first and second CSI-RS resource transmissioninstances may completely overlap. In certain embodiments, a UE mayassume that any transmission instance of a CSI-RS resource with the sameCSI-RS resource index is transmitted on the same antenna port. In someembodiments, a UE may not assume that a channel over which a firstCSI-RS resource with a first CSI-RS resource index is conveyed can beinferred from the channel over a second CSI-RS resource with a secondCSI-RS resource index (e.g., different than the first CSI-RS resourceindex) is conveyed even if the first and second CSI-RS resource aretransmitted on the same antenna port.

In various embodiments, a UE may transmit a BFRR on a PUCCH in which thePUCCH is on an uplink associated with a new candidate serving DL antennaport, if the UE can assume that it is UL synchronized for the uplinkassociated with the new candidate serving DL antenna port. In oneembodiment, a UE may assume UL synchronization if the UE selects a newcandidate serving DL antenna port quasi-co-located with a currentserving DL antenna port in terms of propagation delay (e.g., averagedelay, delay spread), and/or Doppler parameters (e.g., Doppler spreadand/or Doppler shift) and if the UE maintains up-to-date UL timinginformation (e.g., UL timing advance value) for an uplink associatedwith the current serving DL antenna port. In such an embodiment, fortransmitting PUCCH carrying a BFRR, the UE may use a TA value for anuplink associated with a current serving DL antenna port. In certainembodiments, a UE may transmit a BFRR on a PUCCH if the UE maintains avalid TA value for the uplink associated with the newly identifiedcandidate serving DL antenna port. In various embodiments, both a newcandidate serving DL antenna port and a current serving DL antenna portmay be QCL with antenna ports of an RS such as TRS with respect toaverage delay, delay spread, Doppler shift, and/or Doppler spread.

In certain embodiments, a UE may transmit a BFRR on a PRACH if the UEcannot assume UL synchronization for an uplink associated with a newcandidate serving DL antenna port. In one embodiment, a UE transmits aBFRR on a PRACH if a newly identified candidate serving DL antenna portis not quasi-co-located with a current serving DL antenna port (e.g.,transmitted from a different network node or TRP), and if the UE is notUL synchronized for the uplink associated with the newly identifiedcandidate serving DL antenna port.

In various embodiments, a UE may receive an indication of one or morePUCCH resources and one or more PRACH resources which may be used by theUE to transmit a beam failure recovery request. In such embodiments,each of the one or more PUCCH resources and the one or more PRACHresources may be associated with at least one DL antenna port, and theUE may identify the association between the configured PRACH and/orPUCCH resources and DL antenna ports based on implicit and/or explicitindication from a network entity (e.g., gNodeB). In some embodiments,the DL antenna ports associated with the one or more PUCCH resources arequasi-co-located with at least one of the current serving DL antennaports (e.g., serving beams) in terms of propagation delay and/or Dopplerparameters. In one embodiment, one or more PUCCH resources areassociated with at least one of the current serving DL antenna ports. Incertain embodiments, if a UE maintains two or more TA values for two ormore DL antenna port groups (e.g., DL beam groups) in which each DLantenna port group is associated with one TA value, the UE may identifya TA value for each of the one or more configured PUCCH resources basedon both the association between the configured PUCCH resources and theDL antenna ports and information on the two or more DL antenna portgroups. In certain embodiments, a network entity may configure a UE withone or more PRACH resources for non-serving DL antenna ports and/or DLantenna ports which are not quasi co-located with any of the currentserving DL antenna ports. In one embodiment, a PUCCH resource mayinclude a time and frequency radio resource and optionally an orthogonalor quasi-orthogonal code. In another embodiment, a PRACH resourceincludes a time and frequency radio resource and a PRACH preamble.

In some embodiments, in response to a UE detecting a failure of all theserving DL antenna ports for all the serving PDCCHs and identifies atleast one candidate serving DL antenna port for a new serving PDCCH, theUE may determine a resource to transmit a BFRR based on the identifiedcandidate serving DL antenna port and its association with PUCCHresources and/or PRACH resources. In such embodiments, if the determinedresource is a PUCCH resource, the UE may further identify acorresponding TA value among one or more TA values that it maintains andmay transmit the BRFF with applying the identified TA value. In certainembodiments, if there is no valid TA value for the determined PUCCHresource (e.g., uplink not synchronized for some serving DL antennaports), a UE may transmit a BFRR on the PRACH resource (e.g.,contention-based random access). In various embodiments, whentransmitting the BFRR on the PRACH resource, the UE may not apply any TAvalue other than a timing offset between UL and DL frames.

In some embodiments, a granularity of a TA command (e.g., in sec)received in response to PRACH transmissions by a UE is based on PRACHsubcarrier spacing and PRACH sequence length used for the PRACHtransmission (e.g., the PRACH transmission bandwidth). In suchembodiments, the granularity of the TA command (e.g., in samples) may bebased on the PRACH sequence length with the sampling period dependent onthe PRACH subcarrier spacing.

In various embodiments, at least some serving DL antenna ports areassociated with antenna ports on which serving control channels (e.g.,UE-specific and common (cell or group-common) control channels) aremonitored. In such embodiments, the association may be in terms of usingthe same antenna port or QCL relations between a serving DL antenna portand an antenna port on which a control channel is monitored.

In one embodiment, for new candidate beam identification or newcandidate serving DL antenna port identification, a UE may be configuredto use CSI-RS resource and/or SS-block antenna ports. For aCSI-resource, the UE may indicate a QCL relationship between antennaports of NZP CSI-RS and antenna port of an SS-block (e.g., SS/PBCHblock) with respect to one or more QCL parameters, such as spatial RXparameters. In some embodiments, if a CSI-RS resource is QCL with anSS-block, the UE may use the CSI-RS antenna ports for determinationand/or identification of a new candidate serving DL antenna port, and onsuccessful identification may transmit a BFRR on a PUCCH associated withthe CSI-RS resource (and hence also associated with the new candidateserving DL antenna port). In various embodiments, if no CSI-RS resourceis QCL with an SS-block, the UE may use the SS-block for determinationand/or identification of a new candidate serving DL antenna port, and onsuccessful identification may transmit a BFRR on a PRACH associated withan SS-block (and hence also associated with the new candidate serving DLantenna port).

In one embodiment, if a UE receives an indication for a new or updatedset of RLM-RS resources in response to a UE's beam failure recoveryrequest or during normal beam management operation (e.g., updating a setof serving beams or serving DL antenna ports or serving CSI-RSresources, or serving SS blocks that is QCL with the serving beamsand/or DL antenna ports), Layer 1 (e.g., physical layer) of the UE maysend a beam recovery (or beam update) success indication to Layer 3(e.g., RRC layer). In certain embodiments, if there was at least one OOSindication sent to the Layer 3, the Layer 1 of a UE may further providean aperiodic IS indication to the Layer 3 in response to receiving thenew set of RLM-RS resources, which makes the UE avoid starting an RLFtimer due to the previous OOS indications. In such embodiments, if theRLF timer has already been running at the UE, the UE may stop the RLFtimer upon receiving the new or updated set of RLM-RS resources (andaccordingly generating the aperiodic IS indication). In anotherembodiment, if the RLF timer has already been running at a UE, the UEmay pause the RLF timer upon receiving a new set or updated set ofRLM-RS resources (and accordingly the aperiodic IS indication) andevaluate the radio link quality based on the latest RLM-RS resources. Insuch embodiments, the timer may be stopped if a certain configurednumber of (periodic) in-sync indications (e.g., may be consecutive) arereported by the UE's physical layer within a certain time period (e.g.,predetermined or configured), otherwise the RLF timer is re-started.

In certain embodiments, a UE may declare physical layer link failure(e.g., beam failure) and may send a beam failure recovery request, inresponse to: measuring UE-specifically configured CSI-RS resourcesand/or SS/PBCH block resources which are associated (i.e. spatiallyquasi-co-located) with serving control channels; detecting thatqualities of all the serving control channels are lower than configuredthreshold values over a certain period of time; and identifying at leastone candidate DL antenna port (e.g., DL beam). In another embodiment, aUE may send an event-triggered Layer 1 (e.g., beam) measurement reportor event-triggered request for new RS configuration (e.g., for new beamsweeping) to a network entity, if qualities of a certain number ofserving control channels are lower than the configured threshold valuesover a certain time duration, potentially spanning over multipleconsecutive configuration instances (so that old and expired beam and/orRSs are also counted for triggering such an event). In some embodiments,the serving control channels for beam failure detection and beammanagement may be same as or partially overlapping with serving controlchannels for RLM. In one embodiment, the serving control channels forRLM may be a subset of the serving control channels for beam failuredetection and beam management. In certain embodiments, a UE may monitorone or a few (e.g., 2 to 3) active DL beams for RLM and monitor a set ofcandidate beams (e.g., 8 beams) including the active DL beams for beamfailure detection and recovery. For beam management, a UE mayperiodically scan SS/PBCH blocks and/or configured CSI-RS resources(e.g., 32 beams). For CSI-RS based RLM, a subset of beam managementCSI-RS resources may be configured as the RLM RS resources.

In certain embodiments, after receiving a beam failure recovery requestor an event-triggered Layer 1 measurement report, a network entity mayre-configure a UE with new or updated sets of serving control channels(and serving beams) for beam failure detection and/or RLM, respectively,and new or updated sets of beam measurement RS resources and/or RLM-RSresources which are spatially quasi-co-located with the new sets ofserving control channels with respect to spatial average gain, averagedelay, and/or Doppler parameters. In some embodiments, if a UE issuccessfully reconfigured with a new set of serving control channels forRLM and corresponding RLM-RS resources, previous OOS indicationsgenerated by failure of all the previous serving control channels maynot make any further impact on RLF related procedure. Thus, in someembodiments, aperiodic IS indication may be necessary in response toreception of a new RLM-RS resource configuration if at least one OOSindication is reported or an RLF timer has been running. In oneembodiment, a UE may receive a new RLM-RS resource configuration in aBFRR response message. In such an embodiment, the BFRR response messagemay be delivered in a PDSCH scheduled via a PDCCH associated with one ofthe new sets of serving control channels. Further, in certainembodiments, BFRR response messages may include a new configuration forone or more CSI-RS resources used for DL beam measurement and/or beamfailure detection.

In another embodiment, if a UE receives an indication for new servingcontrol channels (e.g., serving beams) for RLM and corresponding newRLM-RS resources in which a subset of new serving control channels and acorresponding subset of new RLM-RS resources may be part of previousserving control channels and previous RLM-RS resources, the UE maycombine previous measurements with new measurements and generatecombined link quality metrics for RLM evaluation of the subset of thenew serving control channels (associated with the unchanged RLM-RSresources). In one embodiment, a UE may consistently report a firstserving control channel with high RSRP for a while (based on periodicbeam reporting), and may trigger a beam failure recovery procedure dueto temporary blocking on the first serving control channel. In certainembodiments, with a successful beam recovery procedure, a UE may bere-configured with the first serving control channel (e.g., DL antennaport, beam) and a second serving control channel. In variousembodiments, as long as a newly configured second serving controlchannel is in good condition, a UE may not report OOS. In someembodiments, if blocking in a first serving control channel goes away,the first serving control channel may also be used and may help a UE notto enter OOS or beam failure status. In certain embodiments, to assessradio link quality for a first serving control channel, a UE may combineprevious measurements (e.g., measurements performed before completion ofbeam recovery procedure) with new measurements (e.g., measurementperformed after beam recovery) within a predefined evaluation period.However, in various embodiments, to evaluate radio link quality for asecond serving control channel, a UE may only use new measurements on anewly configured RLM-RS resource corresponding to the second servingcontrol channel.

In some embodiments, Layer 1 of a UE may send to a higher layer anaperiodic OOS indication after ‘N’ number of beam recovery procedurefailures (or ‘N’ number of beam recovery request transmission windows),and the UE running an RLF timer may declare RLF immediately afterreceiving the aperiodic OOS indication from the Layer 1. As may beappreciated, ‘N’ may be configurable by a network entity, depending on apropagation environment in a cell (e.g., cell-specific configuration),an application, and/or service types (e.g., UE-specific configuration).In one embodiment, ‘N’ may be set to one. In another embodiment, ‘N’ maybe set to infinity (e.g., not supporting the aperiodic OOS indication).

In certain embodiments, an RLF timer is a network configured parameterthat indicates a duration during which a gNodeB may tolerate a UE to bein an unreachable state. In various embodiments, a proper timer durationmay be application-specific and/or deployment (e.g., frequency band,propagation environment) specific. In various embodiments, as long as anRLF timer is properly set, aperiodic indication based fast RLFdeclaration may not be necessary. In some embodiments, if a UE fails tofind a new beam or fails to be configured with new serving controlchannels and new RLM-RS resources, the UE may continue to report OOSbased on a current RLM RS and may retry new beam identification aftersome time, until an RLF timer expires. In such embodiments, the UE mayavoid frequently going through RRC re-establishment procedures due totemporary problems in a radio link. However, for some applications anddeployment cases, immediate actions after beam recovery failure tore-establish RRC connection with a different cell may be used for betteruser experience. In certain embodiments, it may be beneficial forflexible network and UE operations to make support of aperiodic OOSindication configurable via selection of the ‘N’ value.

In various embodiments, Layer 1 of a UE may send an aperiodic OOSindication to Layer 3 based on an indication of failure in a beamrecovery procedure and may start to run a cell selection timer (e.g.,T311) based on the aperiodic OOS indication. In some embodiments, a UEmay start cell selection even before declaring RLF (e.g., while a RLFtimer, such as T310, is still running) and attempts RRC connectionre-establishment. In certain embodiments, (1) if beam recovery (in asource cell, i.e., in a current serving cell) succeeds but not areestablishment, a UE may stay in the source cell; (2) if beam recovery(in the source cell) fails but a reestablishment succeeds, the UEre-establishes a connection with a target cell; (3) if both beamrecovery and reestablishment succeed, the following may occur: (a) beamrecovery before receiving a successful reestablishment message for whichthe UE provides an indication of successful beam recovery to the sourcecell (and the source cell provides an indication of successful beamrecovery for the UE to a new target), (b) recovery after receiving asuccessful reestablishment message—this may not happen since the UE maystop monitoring a response from an old-source cell as soon as itreceives the successful reestablishment message from the target cell,and the UE may go to the target cell; and (4) if both beam recovery andreestablishment fail, the UE may go to an idle state.

In one embodiment, a UE may differentiate a cause of RLF based on RLM ISand OOS threshold values and transmit information on the differentiatedRLF cause to a network entity. In various embodiments, a UE may beconfigured with one or multiple (e.g., Q_(in), Q_(out)) threshold valuesfor IS and OOS evaluation at a given time, and each (e.g., Q_(in),Q_(out)) pair may be associated with different BLER values for ahypothetical PDCCH. In addition, in some embodiments, there may bemultiple ‘RLF cause’ values related to radio link problems that may bepredefined, each of which corresponds to one pair of IS and/or OOSthreshold values. In certain embodiments, if a UE is configured withmultiple pairs of IS and/or OOS threshold values and the UE declares RLFdue to radio link problems, the UE may set the RLF cause to a RLF causevalue associated with the least stringent pair of IS and/or OOSthreshold values among expired RLF timers.

In one embodiment, a UE may be configured with two pairs of thresholdvalues in response to the UE having multiple active applications of twodifferent service types (e.g., eMBB and URLLC). In some embodiments,because different threshold values may lead to different IS or OOSindications, a UE may maintain a separate IS and/or OOS counter and RLFtimer per pair of threshold values (e.g., Q_(in), Q_(out)), for example,PCell RLF timer T310-1 for (e.g., Q1 _(in), Q1 _(out)) and PCell RLFtimer T310-2 for (e.g., Q2 _(in), Q2 _(out)), in which BLER for Q1 _(in)is greater than BLER for Q2 _(in) and BLER for Q1 _(out) is greater thanBLER for Q2 _(out). In certain embodiments, if a UE has expiry of bothT310-1 and T310-2 RLF timers simultaneously, the UE may set an RLF causewith the least stringent pair of IS and/or OOS threshold values (e.g.,Q1 _(in), Q1 _(out)). In various embodiments, a UE may set aninformation element ‘rlf-Cause’ in an UEInformationResponse message to‘t310-1-Expiry’. In some embodiments, a UE may have to declare RLF in acell according to the most stringent pair of threshold values (e.g., Q2_(in), Q2 _(out)), but may still be able to maintain an RRC connectionwith the cell according to the other pair of threshold values (e.g., Q1_(in), Q1 _(out)). In this case, a UE may set an information element‘rlf-Cause’ in an UEInformationResponse message to ‘t310-2-Expiry’. Invarious embodiments, a UE's recording and reporting of a differentiatedlevel of radio link problems for a cell may be useful for serviceprovisioning by a network entity, especially when the UE returns to asource PCell for RRC connection reestablishment.

In one embodiment, for URLLC applications, RLM IS and OOS thresholdvalues may be defined to correspond to BLER values of a hypotheticalPDSCH transmission assuming that DM-RS ports of PDSCH are QCL with theRLM-RS associated with a serving beam or serving DL antenna port.

In various embodiments, a UE may detect that all serving DL controlbeams are failed (e.g., with respect to a SINR criterion), but noalternative beams can be identified (e.g., the RSRP measurement valuesfor all other monitored beams are also low or less than a RSRP thresholdvalue). In such cases, a beam failure may not be declared by a UE andthe UE may simply wait until a new beam may be identified among thecurrent beams under monitoring; the UE may declare a beam failure rightaway (e.g., may result in the UE quickly entering RLF as no alternativebeam is introduced); and/or the UE may declare a beam failure if acertain amount of time has elapsed and no new beam has been identified;and/or the UE may ask for a new RS configuration for new beamidentification.

In some embodiments, a UE may detect that all serving DL control beamsfail in terms of a low quality of all beam failure detection referencesignals (e.g., RSRP measurements or SINR-like metrics such as the BLERof a hypothetical PDCCH channel), but the UE may not immediatelyidentify new candidate beams for beam failure recovery (e.g., thequality of all monitored beams such as the currently configured DL RSfor new candidate beam identification) are also low, then the UE maymake a decision on beam failure declaration based on a beam failuredeclaration timer. In certain embodiments, if new candidate beams withgood enough quality are found before an expiration of the “beam failuredeclaration” timer, then a beam failure recovery request message may betransmitted to the network entity. The beam failure recovery requestmessage may include and/or be based on the new candidate beams. However,in various embodiments, if the “beam failure declaration” timer expiresand new candidate beams are not found, a UE may declare a beam failureand may request a new configuration of a candidate beam identificationRS. As may be appreciated, a value of the “beam failure declaration”timer may be configurable in a UE/service/deployment-specific manner.

In one embodiment, a UE may send a candidate beam update request torequest an update to a configuration of the candidate beamidentification RS in response to a certain number or a certain fractionof serving DL control beams failing. In another embodiment, a UE maysend a request only in response to a certain number or a certainfraction of serving DL control beams failing within a certain timeperiod.

In various embodiments, an advantage of having a timer may be: (i) toavoid an unnecessarily long wait time for a wireless channel conditionof configured under-monitor beams to get better; and/or (ii) to avoid anunnecessarily fast declaration of a beam failure without candidate beamidentification.

In some embodiments, in a beam management procedure (e.g., a P2/P3procedure), an existing DL beam for control or data corresponding to aDL RS may get updated (e.g., changed or refined). In certainembodiments, in a beam failure recovery procedure, all serving DLcontrol beams may fail. Both of the beam management procedures mayinclude identifying new replacement beams. In such embodiments, thereplacement may be based on previous or new RS measurements (e.g., RSRPmeasurements). In various embodiments, a replaced beam may enhanceperformance of beam management, and/or a set of new DL control servingbeams may be identified via beam failure recovery and may be stableand/or robust and may not go through another beam failure.

In one embodiment, if multiple candidate replacement beams appear tohave close individual performance (e.g., multiple RS with high RSRPmeasurement values), a UE may consider other criteria for choosing amongthe candidate replacement beams. In certain embodiments, criteria mayconsider how new beams behave related to old failed and/or replacedbeams and the existing good quality beams. For example, a UE may notidentify one and/or some DL beams as new candidate beams if theircorrelation with old failed and/or replaced beams are greater than acertain configured and/or predefined threshold, although their measuredRSRP values may be high. In another example, a UE may identify certainbeams, even with slightly lower RSRP measurements, if they appear tofacilitate diversity or multiplexing reception along with the existingbeams (e.g., if they can be simultaneously received on the same UEreceive beam on the same UE panel or if the interference from otherexisting beams to the newly identified beam and vice versa appears to below). In some embodiments, low complexity search methods may be usedsuch as modified depth-first tree search algorithms with adjustable nodeand/or edge labels.

In certain embodiments, for power control of a multi-beam wirelessnetwork, in addition to a configurable beam-specific (e.g., orgroup-specific) open loop power control, a beam-specific closed loop TPCcommand with accumulation option (e.g., possibly with larger step size)and with carry over or reset of the accumulated value across beams(e.g., or beam groups), at least for mm-Wave frequency bands may beconsidered. In various embodiments, it may not be economical for a UE tomaintain multiple accumulated TPC values for multiple BPLs. In someembodiments, if 2-panels of one UE are connected with 2 TRPsrespectively, two sets of power control parameters (e.g., including twoTPC commands) may be used. In certain embodiments, a single TPC commandmay be used with a configurable additional power offset applied on acommon TPC accumulation process. Moreover, such embodiments may be usedwhenever beam change or switching occurs within a same TRP, depending ona targeted service (e.g., URLLC and/or eV2X).

In one embodiment, for a closed-loop part of a UE's UL power controlprocedure, two new elements may be used: a UE may be configured with asingle beam-common TPC command with accumulation, and at the same time,may be configured with an UL-beam-group-specific configurable absolutepower offset (e.g., without accumulation). In one example, the absoluteTPC command contributes to the accumulated TPC command and getsaccumulated, while in another example, the absolute TPC command issimply a separate power offset term and does not contribute to theaccumulated TPC command and does not get accumulated. In someembodiments, a TPC command may be shared among all beams and anaccumulation status may be carried over at a time of switching beams, sothat a single TPC loop may be effectively used. In such embodiments,complexity, memory, and signaling requirements may be reduced. In oneexample, the network may configure the absolute power offset valuesbased on its own measurements of UL reference signals, based on UE RSRPmeasurement reports of the DL reference signals, or based on UErecommendation for absolute power offset values possibly in a UEcapability reporting.

In certain embodiments, for absolute power offset, UL beam groups may beformed (e.g., for power control) as follows: form “UE TX beam groups”based on UE hardware implementation and/or RSRP values of correspondingUE RX (e.g., DL RS) measurements. In various embodiments, UE TX beamsmay be put on each UE panel inside of the same “UE TX beam groups” iftheir power patterns are not significantly different. In someembodiments, beams having close RSRP and/or pathloss may be put into thesame UE TX beam groups. In certain embodiments, to avoid a ping-pongeffect on forming “UE TX beam groups,” L1 (and/or possibly L3) timeaveraging may be considered over an appropriate time window.

In certain embodiments, in response to UE TX beam groups being formed,the following may be performed: in response to beam switching occurringwithin a single “UE TX beam groups”, a TPC command of accumulated valuemay be carried over; and in response to beam switching occurring acrossdifferent “UE TX beam groups”, the TPC command of accumulated value maybe carried over and a group-specific power offset may be applied basedon an average difference of RSRPs between the two groups.

In various embodiments, a goal for introducing a power offset may be tolet a UE converge to a stable power level quickly, rather than takingmultiple TPC commands to converge, which may be time-consuming. In someembodiments, small power variations within “UE TX beam groups” may beconsidered to be handled by a TPC command, so no extra offset may beused within a group thereby reducing signaling (e.g., in comparison witha potential beam-specific scheme which applies a power offset term on abeam-by-beam basis).

In certain embodiments, an advantage of beam-group-specific absolutepower offset over beam-specific TPC command with accumulation may bethat: (i) a single accumulated TPC loop may be used even if a UEcommunicates with two different TRPs thereby simplifying power controloperation and no reset of accumulation is used for very different beamsif two beams are very different and simply apply an appropriate offsetbut do not reset the TPC accumulation. In such embodiments, a poweroffset may keep a size of the TPC command small.

In various embodiments, to simplify signaling, an offset value may beselected from a set of fixed and/or configured numbers. In suchembodiments, instead of signaling actual real values of the poweroffset, a UE may signal an index of a corresponding offset value. Suchsignaling may happen over MAC-CE.

Certain embodiments may use an absolute offset in addition to a singleTPC accumulation. However, other embodiments may consider power offsetto be based on a UE-centric UL beam grouping, rather than anetwork-centric beam grouping based on TRP configurations. Someembodiments may form UL beam groups based on RSRP measurements which arecharacteristics of end-to-end channel of a BPL, rather than simply beinga function of a TRP receive beam.

In one embodiment, an open-loop base level Po range may be dependent ona band such as an operating band, or an operating band combination. Forexample, in certain embodiments, a Po range of a SUL carrier may bedependent on a primary cell (e.g., PCell or PSCell) operating band. Asused herein, SUL may refer to conditions in which there is only an ULresource for a carrier. In some embodiments, this may be from aparticular RAT perspective, such as NR RAT. In various embodiments, aSUL frequency may be a frequency shared with LTE UL (e.g., at least forthe case when NR spectrum is below 6 GHz). In certain embodiments, forLTE RAT, a carrier corresponding to a SUL frequency may be in anoperating band with both UL operating band and DL operating band. In oneexample, a UE is indicated an index to an entry of a Po range table touse for an UL operating band without a linked DL operating band (e.g.,supplementary UL frequency).

In some embodiments, a UE may have multiple antenna panels and/or arrays(or subarrays, antenna groups). In various embodiments, RX and/or TXAntenna ports or beams from an antenna panel may be QCL with respect tocertain QCL parameters such as: average delay and/or Doppler parameters.In certain embodiments, RX and/or TX Antenna ports or beams fromdifferent antenna panels may not be spatially QCL. In some embodiments,different antenna arrays may have different number of antenna elements,different polarization (e.g., some arrays may include dual, or crosspolarized antenna elements), two spatial layers within one beam (e.g.,one set of beamforming coefficients), a single polarization antennaelement (e.g., may support one layer per beam), and/or different spatialdirectivity of the beams formed from the different antenna arrays. Invarious embodiments, some arrays may be RX only while others are RX andTX capable. In certain embodiments, a number of arrays with TXcapability may be smaller than a number of arrays with RX capability. Incertain embodiments, only a subset of receive antenna arrays may beoperable at a given time. For example, a UE may have 4 arrays but mayonly be capable of receiving (e.g., RX RF chains) up to two arrays at agiven time. In various embodiments, for TX, a UE may only be capable oftransmitting (e.g., TX chain) on two antenna arrays of four antennaarrays but may only transmit on one antenna array at a time. In someembodiments, a UE may have 2 arrays (e.g., A1 and A2), both being RXcapable while only A1 is capable of TX. In such embodiments, A1 may beconsidered as a primary antenna array and A2 may be considered as asecondary RX antenna array. In certain embodiments, a UE may or may nothave beam correspondence on A1. In various embodiments, a UE may reportits MIMO capability information to a network (e.g., gNB) via thefollowing: a number of RX antenna groups; supported RX antenna groupcombinations; a maximum number of supported RX spatial layers for eachantenna group and for each antenna group combination; a number of TXantenna groups; supported TX antenna group combinations; a maximumnumber of supported TX spatial layers for each antenna group and foreach antenna group combination; a number of antenna ports for eachantenna group (e.g., to support Tx diversity schemes); antenna gainoffset with respect to a reference TX antenna group; and/or UE TX and/orRX beam correspondence. In some embodiments, for each TX antenna group,a UE may explicitly indicate an RX antenna group having beamcorrespondence and/or the UE may indicate a number of TX antenna groupswith beam correspondence in which a mapping between a TX antenna groupindex and an RX antenna group index for beam correspondence ispre-determined and known to both the UE and a gNB.

In one embodiment, a UE may send a measurement report (e.g., Layer 3 orLayer 1) including SS block measurements. In various embodiments, a UEmay measure SS blocks with different RX antenna groups, and may reportthe best ‘N’ SS blocks and corresponding RX antenna groups. In certainembodiments, a UE may receive CSI-RS configuration information in whicha set of CSI-RS resources are configured for every RX antenna group, andmay be reported in an SS block measurement report. In some embodiments,a UE may select one or a few CSI-RS resources based on measurements andmay report corresponding measurement results per RX antenna group thathas configured CSI-RS resources.

In some embodiments, Tx/Rx beam correspondence at TRP and UE can beconsidered as the following:

1) Tx/Rx beam correspondence at TRP holds if at least one of thefollowing is satisfied: TRP is able to determine a TRP Rx beam for theuplink reception based on UE's downlink measurement on TRP's one or moreTx beams; and/or TRP is able to determine a TRP Tx beam for the downlinktransmission based on TRP's uplink measurement on TRP's one or more Rxbeams.

2) Tx/Rx beam correspondence at UE holds if at least one of thefollowing is satisfied: UE is able to determine a UE Tx beam for theuplink transmission based on UE's downlink measurement on UE's one ormore Rx beams; and/or UE is able to determine a UE Rx beam for thedownlink reception based on TRP's indication based on uplink measurementon UE's one or more Tx beams.

In one example, beam correspondence may include each transmit antennaport can be beamformed in a desirable direction but may not implysetting or control of phase across antenna ports.

In certain embodiments, a UE may measure (e.g., RSRP) and may trackserving beams and beam management candidate beams with RX beams onantenna arrays that are not capable of being transmitted on. In someembodiments, a UE may periodically measure RSRP for one or more servingbeams (e.g., serving beams, CSI-RS resources, and/or SS/PBCH blockresources configured for path loss measurement) on an antenna arraycapable of uplink transmission. In various embodiments, measurements maybe considered from a UE's perspective as intra-frequency measurementswith corresponding intra-frequency measurement accuracy requirements. Insome embodiments, a UE may use measurements on an antenna array capableof TX corresponding to a serving beam for UL power control and maytransmit a power setting and a PHR computation. In such embodiments, apathloss reference linking may be changed at a UE side (e.g., using adifferent RX beam on a different antenna panel that is capable of TXthan the RX beam and/or antenna panel used for DL beam tracking and/ormanagement and mobility measurements). In certain embodiments, a UE mayindicate to a network (e.g., gNB) whether a MAC entity has applied achange in a pathloss reference linking (e.g., at the UE side) or inother words a different UE side pathloss reference linking (e.g., than aUE RX beam and/or RX array) used for DL beam tracking and/or managementfor the serving beam in a PHR. In such embodiments, this indication maybe in the form of a bit, O, with MAC entity setting 0=1 if thecorresponding power headroom level field would have had a differentvalue if no pathloss reference linking change (e.g., or RSRPmeasurements using a UE RX beam and/or RX array used for DL beamtracking and/or management for a serving beam) had been applied.

In some embodiments, RSRP measurements on an antenna array capable of TXmay not be available or may be out-of-date (e.g., not updated for morethan a certain time period). In various embodiments, a UE may apply anoffset to an RSRP measurement of a serving beam used for DL beamtracking and/or management (e.g., on a receive antenna array), may usethe offset RSRP value for UL power control, and/or may transmit a powersetting and PHR computation. In certain embodiments, UE power controlequations may include an additional power offset term in addition to apathloss (“PL”) term with an RSRP measurement of a serving beam used forDL beam tracking and/or management used to compute the PL term. In someembodiments, a power offset value may be determined based on an antennaarray architecture such as a difference in a number of antenna elementsand/or antenna gain between a TX capable antenna array and a RX arrayused for RSRP measurements. In such embodiments, the offset may be UEimplementation specific. In one example, the network may configure theoffset values based on its own measurements of UL reference signals,based on UE RSRP measurement reports of the DL reference signals, orbased on UE recommendation for offset values possibly in a UE capabilityreporting. In various embodiments, a UE may indicate to a network (e.g.,gNB) whether a MAC entity has applied an additional power offset term ina PHR. In such embodiments, the indication may be in the form of a bit,O′, with MAC entity setting O′=1 if the corresponding the power headroomlevel field would have had a different value if no additional poweroffset had been applied. In one example, a same bit field is used toindicate whether the MAC entity has applied a change in the pathlossreference linking or an additional power offset term to compute thepower headroom level. In one example, a multi-bit field in the PHR maybe used to indicate to the network which offset value is applied by theUE, e.g., a 2-bit field to indicate one of 4 possible offset values.

In some embodiments, in a context of DL beam management for a UE, the UEmay report a limited number of good quality DL beams based onmeasurements for a larger set of beams (e.g., possibly through beamsweeping). In such embodiments, in response to good beams beingidentified, a network entity may refer to the beams in later schedulingof radio resources for transmission of data or control to a UE. Incertain embodiments, a reference procedure may be known as beamindication. In various embodiments, a network entity may need toindicate to a UE which DL RS (e.g., CSI-RS or SS Block) antenna portsare QCL with the PDSCH DMRS antenna ports.

In some embodiments, there may be at least three different methods forbeam indication. A first method may be explicit beam indication in whichthe beam is explicitly indicated using a CRI or an SS-Block index. Asecond method may be a low-overhead beam tagging method referred to as aMI method or a QRI method that gives a short tag to a BPL and uses thetag for beam indication. In such embodiments, the tag may be only afunction of a TRP TX beam. A third method may be similar to the secondmethod with the difference that the BPL tag is a function of the UE RXbeam.

In certain embodiments, an advantage of the second and third methods inrelation to the first method may be that the indication signaling iswithin a limited number of strong DL RSs reported by a UE to a networkrather than all measured DL RSs so that they provide significantsignaling reduction. In various embodiments, an advantage of the thirdmethod (e.g., UE-based beam tagging) in relation to the second method(e.g., network-based beam tagging) may be that potentially more savingis possible because a number of UE RX beams may be much less than anumber of TRP TX beams. However, in some embodiments, a drawback may bethat a QCL assumption may not be completely and/or appropriatelyindicated to a UE, and also additional book-keeping (and correspondingconcerns over failure of feedback update) may be used between the UE anda network because the tags are defined on the UE side.

In one embodiment, a UE may use a group-based beam tagging for beamindication as follows: a first step may be to categorize BPLs into anumber of groups based on a UE hardware implementation, namely UEantenna panels and/or subarrays or a smallest UE antenna entity that mayreceive only a single beam so that DL BPLs that are received at a sameUE panel and/or subarray may belong to the same beam group (reportedBPLs may be considered and not all measured beams); a second step may beto assign tags to the BPLs within each group in which the same tags maybe reused across groups. For the second step, one may use either agNB-based beam tagging or a UE-based beam tagging, although thegNB-based beam tagging may be more appropriate.

In certain embodiments, a gNB may be aware of a mapping between its ownTRP TX beams and tags assigned to BPLs (e.g., reported BPLs), but maynot know the mapping with UE RX beams. In such embodiments, the UE mayknow the mapping between the BPL tags and its own UE RX beam, but maynot know the mapping to the TRP TX beams.

In one embodiment, it may be assumed that a number of beams to beindicated is equal to a number of beam groups. For example, 2 beams maybe indicated for a 2-panel UE. In another example, it may be assumedthat contradictory beam indication may not be intended. That is, in someembodiments, a UE may be able to receive 2 indicated beamssimultaneously on the same or different groups and/or panels.

In certain embodiments, for the purpose of beam indication, an implicitordering across groups may be agreed upon between a UE and a gNB so thatno indication of a group index is used. In various embodiments, in ascenario with N beam groups (e.g., N panels), in response to a gNBseeking to indicate the use of N beams (e.g., N DL RSs), the gNB mayindicate a tag within each group in a sequence. In such embodiments, inresponse to the UE receiving the indication, the UE may choose the UE RXbeam corresponding to each tag from each group and/or panel for thepurpose of beam reception.

In some embodiments, there may be extra saving in signaling that comesfrom reusing tags across groups and/or panels. One embodiment isillustrated in a 2-panel UE illustrated in FIG. 4, in which only thestrongest reported BPLs are illustrated.

FIG. 4 is a schematic block diagram illustrating one embodiment of asystem 400 including a two-panel UE 402. The two-panel UE 402 includes afirst UE panel 404 and a second UE panel 406. Moreover, the first UEpanel 404 includes a first RX beam R1 and a second RX beam R2, and thesecond UE panel 406 includes a third RX beam R3 and a fourth RX beam R4.The system 400 also includes a transmission and reception point 408. Thetransmission and reception point 408 includes a first TX beam T1, asecond TX beam T2, a third TX beam T3, and a fourth TX beam T4. In theillustrated embodiment of FIG. 4: the first TX beam T1 may communicatewith the first RX beam R1; the second TX beam T2 may communicate withthe second RX beam R2; the third TX beam T3 may communicate with thesecond RX beam R2, the third RX beam R3, and the fourth RX beam R4; andthe fourth TX beam T4 may communicate with the fourth RX beam R4.

As illustrated in FIG. 5, TRP TX beams may be used as vertices for onepart and UE RX beams may be used as vertices for the other part.Specifically, FIG. 5 is a schematic block diagram illustrating oneembodiment of a system 500 using UE-based beam tagging. The system 500includes a first TX beam T1, a second TX beam T2, a third TX beam T3,and a fourth TX beam T4 that may be part of a TRP. The system 500 alsoincludes a first RX beam R1, a second RX beam R2, a third RX beam R3,and a fourth RX beam R4 that may be part of a UE. The UE-based beamtagging may divide the tagging into a first group 502 and a second group504. The first group 502 of tagging may include communication betweenthe first RX beam R1 and the first TX beam T1 tagged with a tag=1, andcommunication between the second RX beam R2, the second TX beam T2, andthe third TX beam T3 tagged with a tag=2. Moreover, the second group 504of tagging may include communication between the third RX beam R3, thethird TX beam T3, and the fourth TX beam T4 tagged with a tag=1, andcommunication between the fourth RX beam R4 and the fourth TX beam T4tagged with a tag=2.

In various embodiments, to indicate 2 DL beams based on a group-basedtagging scheme, such as the group-based tagging scheme illustrated inFIG. 5, selected TRP TX beams may be indicated using log(2*2)=log(4)=2bits to convey the indication with reduced signaling overhead.

In certain embodiments, a non-group-based beam tagging may use 4indication tags as shown in FIGS. 6 and 7. FIG. 6 illustrates TRP-basednon-group-based beam tagging in which tags are functions of TRP TXbeams. FIG. 7 illustrates UE-based non-group-based beam tagging in whichtags are functions of UE RX beams. In either embodiment, indicating apair of BPLs may involve log(4*4)=log(16)=4 bits of signaling overhead.

FIG. 6 is a schematic block diagram illustrating one embodiment of asystem 600 using TRP-based beam tagging. The system 600 includes a firstTX beam T1, a second TX beam T2, a third TX beam T3, and a fourth TXbeam T4 that may be part of a TRP. The system 600 also includes a firstRX beam R1, a second RX beam R2, a third RX beam R3, and a fourth RXbeam R4 that may be part of a UE. The TRP-based beam tagging may includecommunication between the first TX beam T1 and the first RX beam R1tagged with a tag=1, communication between the second TX beam T2 and thesecond RX beam R2 tagged with a tag=2, communication between the thirdTX beam T3, the second RX beam R2, and the third RX beam R3 tagged witha tag=3, and communication between the fourth TX beam T4, the third RXbeam R3, and the fourth RX beam R4 tagged with a tag=4.

FIG. 7 is a schematic block diagram illustrating another embodiment of asystem 700 using UE-based beam tagging. The system 700 includes a firstTX beam T1, a second TX beam T2, a third TX beam T3, and a fourth TXbeam T4 that may be part of a TRP. The system 700 also includes a firstRX beam R1, a second RX beam R2, a third RX beam R3, and a fourth RXbeam R4 that may be part of a UE. The UE-based beam tagging may includecommunication between the first RX beam R1 and the first TX beam T1tagged with a tag=1, communication between the second RX beam R2, thesecond TX beam T2, and the third TX beam T3 tagged with a tag=2,communication between the third RX beam R3, the third TX beam T3, andthe fourth TX beam T3 tagged with a tag=3, and communication between thefourth RX beam R4 and the fourth TX beam T4 tagged with a tag=4.

In one embodiment, a configured SR (e.g., transmitted on PUCCH) may beassociated with either short or long PUCCH format. Depending on thenetwork scheduling decisions, a slot may only support a short PUCCH or along PUCCH of certain symbol lengths (e.g., transmission durations) andmay not support both short PUCCH and long PUCCH transmissions in thesame slot from different UEs. To provide an early indication to anetwork (e.g., gNB) of a type of traffic on a logical channel (e.g., a“numerology/TTI type” of a logical channel) and more frequent SRtransmission opportunities for latency critical traffics, a logicalchannel may be associated with multiple SR configurations (e.g., a firstSR configuration associated with a short PUCCH), and a second SRconfiguration associated with a long PUCCH. The short PUCCH maycorrespond to a first PUCCH duration (e.g., number of symbols comprisingthe short PUCCH) and the long PUCCH may correspond to a second PUCCHduration (different than the first PUCCH duration). The logical channelmay be associated with a third SR configuration corresponding to a shortPUCCH with a third PUCCH duration (e.g., different than the first andsecond PUCCH duration) and a fourth SR configuration corresponding to along PUCCH with a fourth PUCCH duration (e.g., different than the first,second, third PUCCH duration). For a logical channel with multiple SRconfigurations, a UE may be indicated a priority order of which SR(e.g., first/second/third/fourth) is triggered and transmitted in a slotwhen two or more of the multiple SR configurations are valid in the slot(e.g., first SR configuration with short PUCCH of first duration andthird SR configuration with short PUCCH of third duration). If multipleSR configurations are supported for a logical channel, a UE may transmitSR in the earliest slot that supports at least one of the multiple SRconfigurations configured for the logical channel.

FIG. 8 is a schematic block diagram illustrating one embodiment of amethod 800 for radio link monitoring. In some embodiments, the method800 is performed by an apparatus, such as the remote unit 102. Incertain embodiments, the method 800 may be performed by a processorexecuting program code, for example, a microcontroller, amicroprocessor, a CPU, a GPU, an auxiliary processing unit, a FPGA, orthe like.

The method 800 may include measuring 802 a first set of referencesignals for radio link monitoring. In certain embodiments, the method800 includes receiving 804 an indication of a second set of referencesignals for radio link monitoring. In various embodiments, the method800 includes resetting 806 a counter in response to reception of theindication of the second set of reference signals. In some embodiments,the first set of reference signals is associated with a first set ofdownlink antenna ports, the second set of reference signals isassociated with a second set of downlink antenna ports, and the firstset of downlink antenna ports is different from the second set ofdownlink antenna ports.

In various embodiments, the method 800 includes: generating a firstin-sync indication or an out-of-sync indication based on measuring thefirst set of reference signals; generating a second in-sync indicationin response to reception of the indication of the second set ofreference signals if a value of the counter is not zero; incrementingthe counter in response to generation of the out-of-sync indication; andresetting the counter in response to the first in-sync indication beinggenerated or in response to the second in-sync indication beinggenerated. In some embodiments, the method 800 includes: initiating aradio link failure timer based on a result from measuring the first setof reference signals, wherein a radio link failure is identified inresponse to expiration of the radio link failure timer; and stopping theradio link failure timer in response to reception of the indication ofthe second set of reference signals. In certain embodiments, the firstand second sets of reference signals comprise a non-zero transmit powerchannel state information-reference signal, a synchronizationsignal/physical broadcast channel block, or some combination thereof. Invarious embodiments, the first set of reference signals is associatedwith a first set of serving physical downlink control channels, and thesecond set of reference signals is associated with a second set ofserving physical downlink control channels. In some embodiments, theindication of the second set of reference signals is received in aphysical downlink shared channel scheduled via a physical downlinkcontrol channel, and the physical downlink control channel is associatedwith a reference signal of the second set of reference signals. Incertain embodiments, a subset of the first set of reference signals anda subset of the second set of reference signals are associated with athird set of downlink antenna ports, and the third set of downlinkantenna ports is a subset of the first set of downlink antenna ports andalso a subset of the second set of downlink antenna ports. In variousembodiments, the method 800 includes computing a metric for radio linkmonitoring for the third set of downlink antenna ports by combining afirst measurement of the subset of the first set of reference signalsand a second measurement of the subset of the second set of referencesignals. In some embodiments, the method 800 includes: transmitting abeam failure recovery request; and receiving a response to the beamfailure recovery request, wherein the response comprises configurationinformation corresponding to the second set of reference signals.

In some embodiments, the method 800 includes: transmitting a beamfailure recovery request for a source cell; generating an indication ofbeam recovery failure in response to failing to receive a response tothe beam failure recovery request within a configured time window;initiating a connection reestablishment procedure comprising a selectionof a target cell in response to the indication of the beam recoveryfailure; retransmitting the beam failure recovery request for the sourcecell; determining whether beam recovery corresponding to retransmittingthe beam failure recovery request succeeds; determining whether theconnection reestablishment procedure with the target cell succeeds; inresponse to the beam recovery succeeding and the connectionreestablishment procedure being unsuccessful, maintaining a firstconnection with the source cell; in response to the beam recovery beingunsuccessful and the reestablishment procedure succeeding, establishinga second connection with the target cell; in response to the beamrecovery succeeding before the reestablishment procedure succeeds,maintaining the first connection with the source cell; in response tothe beam recovery succeeding after the reestablishment proceduresucceeds, establishing the second connection with the target cell; andin response to the beam recovery being unsuccessful and thereestablishment procedure being unsuccessful, entering an idle state.

In various embodiments, the method 800 includes: receiving an indicationof at least one physical uplink control channel resource and at leastone physical random access channel resource for transmitting a beamfailure recovery request, wherein each of the at least one physicaluplink control channel resource and the at least one physical randomaccess channel resource are associated with at least one downlinkantenna port; and determining an association between the at least onephysical uplink control channel resource, the at least one physicalrandom access channel resource, and the at least one downlink antennaport based on the indication of the at least one physical uplink controlchannel resource and the at least one physical random access channelresource for transmitting the beam failure recovery request.

In certain embodiments, the at least one downlink antenna portassociated with the at least one physical uplink control channelresource is at least partially co-located with at least one servingdownlink antenna port. In various embodiments, the method 800 includestransmitting a beam failure recovery request on the at least onephysical uplink control channel resource based on a timing advance valueassociated with the at least one serving downlink antenna port. In someembodiments, the method 800 includes transmitting a beam failurerecovery request on the at least one physical random access channelresource if a timing advance value associated with the at least oneserving downlink antenna port is not valid.

FIG. 9 is a schematic block diagram illustrating one embodiment of amethod 900 for beam failure recovery. In some embodiments, the method900 is performed by an apparatus, such as the network unit 104. Incertain embodiments, the method 900 may be performed by a processorexecuting program code, for example, a microcontroller, amicroprocessor, a CPU, a GPU, an auxiliary processing unit, a FPGA, orthe like.

The method 900 may include transmitting 902 a first set of referencesignals. In various embodiments, the method 900 includes transmitting904 an indication of a second set of reference signals. In suchembodiments, the first set of reference signals is associated with afirst set of downlink antenna ports, the second set of reference signalsis associated with a second set of downlink antenna ports, and the firstset of downlink antenna ports is different from the second set ofdownlink antenna ports. In certain embodiments, the method 900 includestransmitting 906 an indication of at least one physical uplink controlchannel resource and at least one physical random access channelresource for receiving a beam failure recovery request. In suchembodiments, each of the at least one physical uplink control channelresource and the at least one physical random access channel resourceare associated with at least one downlink antenna port. In someembodiments, the method 900 includes receiving 908 a beam failurerecovery request. In various embodiments, the method 900 includestransmitting 910 a response to the beam failure recovery request. Insuch embodiments, the response includes configuration informationcorresponding to the second set of reference signals.

In various embodiments, the first and second sets of reference signalscomprise a non-zero transmit power channel state information-referencesignal, a synchronization signal/physical broadcast channel block, orsome combination thereof. In some embodiments, the first set ofreference signals is associated with a first set of serving physicaldownlink control channels, and the second set of reference signals isassociated with a second set of serving physical downlink controlchannels. In certain embodiments, the indication of the second set ofreference signals is transmitted in a physical downlink shared channelscheduled via a physical downlink control channel, and the physicaldownlink control channel is associated with a reference signal of thesecond set of reference signals. In some embodiments, a subset of thefirst set of reference signals and a subset of the second set ofreference signals are associated with a third set of downlink antennaports, and the third set of downlink antenna ports is a subset of thefirst set of downlink antenna ports and also a subset of the second setof downlink antenna ports. In certain embodiments, the at least onedownlink antenna port associated with the at least one physical uplinkcontrol channel resource is at least partially co-located with at leastone serving downlink antenna port. In various embodiments, the beamfailure recovery request is received on the at least one physical uplinkcontrol channel resource based on a transmit timing advance valueassociated with the at least one serving downlink antenna port. In someembodiments, the beam failure recovery request is received on the atleast one physical random access channel resource if a transmit timingadvance value associated with the at least one serving downlink antennaport is not valid.

FIG. 10 is a schematic block diagram illustrating one embodiment of amethod 1000 for transmitting device capability information. In someembodiments, the method 1000 is performed by an apparatus, such as theremote unit 102. In certain embodiments, the method 1000 may beperformed by a processor executing program code, for example, amicrocontroller, a microprocessor, a CPU, a GPU, an auxiliary processingunit, a FPGA, or the like.

The method 1000 may include operating 1002 a device with multipleantenna port groups for communication between the device and a network.In certain embodiments, the method includes transmitting 1004, by thedevice, device capability information to the network. In suchembodiments, the device capability information includes a number ofantenna port groups of the multiple antenna port groups, a number ofantenna ports for each of the antenna port groups, a maximum number ofsupported spatial layers for each of the antenna port groups, or somecombination thereof.

In various embodiments, the device capability information furtherincludes a list of supported antenna port group combinations, a maximumnumber of supported spatial layers for each antenna port groupcombination of the list of supported antenna port group combinations, orsome combination thereof. In some embodiments, a first antenna portgroup of a first supported antenna port group combination of the list ofsupported antenna port group combinations and a second antenna portgroup of the first supported antenna port group combination of the listof supported antenna port group combinations are operable simultaneouslyfor communication between the device and the network. In certainembodiments, a first antenna port group of the multiple antenna portgroups is part of a first antenna panel, and a second antenna port groupof the multiple antenna port groups is part of a second antenna panel,and the first antenna panel is different from the second antenna panel.In various embodiments, a first subset of the multiple antenna portgroups includes receive-capable antenna port groups and a second subsetof the plurality of antenna port groups includes transmit-capableantenna port groups. In some embodiments, a first antenna port group ofthe multiple antenna port groups is a transmit-capable andreceive-capable antenna port group, and the device capabilityinformation further includes beam correspondence capability informationfor the first antenna port group. In certain embodiments, a secondantenna port group of the multiple antenna port groups is a receive-onlycapable antenna port group, the second antenna port group is differentfrom the first antenna port group, and wherein the method 1000 furtherincludes: receiving a reference signal on the second antenna port group;determining a path loss estimate based on the received reference signal;determining a transmit power of an uplink transmission on one or moreantenna ports of the first antenna port group based on the determinedpath loss estimate and an offset term, wherein the offset term is basedon a characteristic of the first antenna port group and the secondantenna port group; and transmitting the uplink transmission on the oneor more antenna ports of the first antenna port group with thedetermined transmit power. In various embodiments, the characteristic ofthe first antenna port group and the second antenna port group includesa number of antenna elements in the first antenna port group and thesecond antenna port group, an antenna gain of the first antenna portgroup and the second antenna port group, or some combination thereof. Insome embodiments, the uplink transmission includes a power headroomreport, the power headroom report includes an indication of the pathlossreference signal received on a different antenna port group than the oneor more antenna ports of the first antenna port group used fortransmitting the uplink transmission.

In some embodiments, the method 1000 includes: receiving a configurationof a first power-offset value for a first antenna port group of theplurality of antenna port groups, and a second power-offset value for asecond antenna port group of the plurality of antenna port groups;receiving a transmit power control accumulation value for an uplinktransmission on one or more antenna ports of the first antenna portgroup; determining a transmit power for the uplink transmission on theone or more antenna ports of the first antenna port group based on thefirst power-offset value associated with the first antenna port group,and the received transmit power control accumulation value; andtransmitting the uplink transmission on the one or more antenna ports ofthe first antenna port group with the determined transmit power.

In various embodiments, a first antenna port group of the multipleantenna port groups is associated with a first set of one or morepathloss reference signals, a second antenna port group of the multipleantenna port groups is associated with a second set of one or morepathloss reference signal, and the first set of pathloss referencesignals is different from the second set of pathloss reference signals.

In certain embodiments, the method 1000 includes: receiving a first setof downlink reference signals corresponding to a first set of networkdownlink beams on a first antenna port group of the plurality of antennaport groups, and a second set of downlink reference signalscorresponding to a second set of network downlink beams on a secondantenna port group of the plurality of antenna port groups; determininga first set of device receive beams based on the first antenna portgroup for receiving the first set of downlink reference signalscorresponding to the first set of downlink beams, and a second set ofdevice receive beams based on the second antenna port group forreceiving the second set of downlink reference signals corresponding tothe second set of downlink beams; identifying a tag index from a set {1,2, . . . , M_max} for each downlink beam of the first set of downlinkbeams and the second set of downlink beams; receiving a beam indicationassociated to a downlink transmission, wherein the beam indicationcomprises a first tag index from the set {1, 2, . . . , M_max}associated with the first antenna port group, and a second tag indexfrom the set {1, 2, . . . , M_max} associated with the second antennaport group; and receiving downlink transmission based on a first receivebeam of the determined first set of receive beams corresponding to afirst downlink beam of the first set of downlink beams associated withthe first tag index, and on a second receive beam of the determinedsecond set of receive beams corresponding to a second downlink beam ofthe second set of downlink beams associated with the second tag index.

In some embodiments, the method 1000 includes: identifying the tag indexbased on one of: receiving, from the network, an indication of a tagindex mapping for each downlink beam of the first set of downlink beamsand the second set of downlink beams; and determining, by the device,the tag index and indicating to the network a tag index mapping for eachdownlink beam of the first set of downlink beams and the second set ofdownlink beams.

In certain embodiments, the method 1000 includes: receiving a pluralityof downlink reference signals corresponding to a plurality of downlinkbeams on the first antenna port group and the second antenna port group;determining beam quality measurements for the plurality of downlinkbeams based on the received plurality of downlink reference signals;determining the first set of downlink reference signals from theplurality of downlink beams on the first antenna port group based on thedetermined beam quality measurements and a first beam quality criteria;and determining the second set of downlink reference signals from theplurality of downlink beams on the second antenna port group based onthe determined beam quality measurements and a second beam qualitycriteria. As may be appreciated, a beam quality measurement may be anRSRP measurement. Moreover, a beam quality criterion may be a beamquality measurement exceeding a configured threshold for RSRP.

In various embodiments, a value for M max is based on a size of thefirst set of downlink reference signals, a size of the second set ofdownlink reference signals, or some combination thereof.

In one embodiment, a method includes: measuring a first set of referencesignals for radio link monitoring; receiving an indication of a secondset of reference signals for radio link monitoring; and resetting acounter in response to reception of the indication of the second set ofreference signals; wherein the first set of reference signals isassociated with a first set of downlink antenna ports, the second set ofreference signals is associated with a second set of downlink antennaports, and the first set of downlink antenna ports is different from thesecond set of downlink antenna ports.

In certain embodiments, the method includes: generating a first in-syncindication or an out-of-sync indication based on measuring the first setof reference signals; generating a second in-sync indication in responseto reception of the indication of the second set of reference signals ifa value of the counter is not zero; incrementing the counter in responseto generation of the out-of-sync indication; and resetting the counterin response to the first in-sync indication being generated or inresponse to the second in-sync indication being generated.

In some embodiments, the method includes: initiating a radio linkfailure timer based on a result from measuring the first set ofreference signals, wherein a radio link failure is identified inresponse to expiration of the radio link failure timer; and stopping theradio link failure timer in response to reception of the indication ofthe second set of reference signals.

In various embodiments, the first and second sets of reference signalscomprise a non-zero transmit power channel state information-referencesignal, a synchronization signal/physical broadcast channel block, orsome combination thereof

In one embodiment, the first set of reference signals is associated witha first set of serving physical downlink control channels, and thesecond set of reference signals is associated with a second set ofserving physical downlink control channels.

In certain embodiments, the indication of the second set of referencesignals is received in a physical downlink shared channel scheduled viaa physical downlink control channel, and the physical downlink controlchannel is associated with a reference signal of the second set ofreference signals.

In some embodiments, a subset of the first set of reference signals anda subset of the second set of reference signals are associated with athird set of downlink antenna ports, and the third set of downlinkantenna ports is a subset of the first set of downlink antenna ports andalso a subset of the second set of downlink antenna ports.

In various embodiments, the method includes computing a metric for radiolink monitoring for the third set of downlink antenna ports by combininga first measurement of the subset of the first set of reference signalsand a second measurement of the subset of the second set of referencesignals.

In one embodiment, the method includes: transmitting a beam failurerecovery request; and receiving a response to the beam failure recoveryrequest, wherein the response comprises configuration informationcorresponding to the second set of reference signals.

In certain embodiments, the method includes: transmitting a beam failurerecovery request for a source cell; generating an indication of beamrecovery failure in response to failing to receive a response to thebeam failure recovery request within a configured time window;initiating a connection reestablishment procedure comprising a selectionof a target cell in response to the indication of the beam recoveryfailure; retransmitting the beam failure recovery request for the sourcecell; determining whether beam recovery corresponding to retransmittingthe beam failure recovery request succeeds; determining whether theconnection reestablishment procedure with the target cell succeeds; inresponse to the beam recovery succeeding and the connectionreestablishment procedure being unsuccessful, maintaining a firstconnection with the source cell; in response to the beam recovery beingunsuccessful and the reestablishment procedure succeeding, establishinga second connection with the target cell; in response to the beamrecovery succeeding before the reestablishment procedure succeeds,maintaining the first connection with the source cell; in response tothe beam recovery succeeding after the reestablishment proceduresucceeds, establishing the second connection with the target cell; andin response to the beam recovery being unsuccessful and thereestablishment procedure being unsuccessful, entering an idle state.

In some embodiments, the method includes: receiving an indication of atleast one physical uplink control channel resource and at least onephysical random access channel resource for transmitting a beam failurerecovery request, wherein each of the at least one physical uplinkcontrol channel resource and the at least one physical random accesschannel resource are associated with at least one downlink antenna port;and determining an association between the at least one physical uplinkcontrol channel resource, the at least one physical random accesschannel resource, and the at least one downlink antenna port based onthe indication of the at least one physical uplink control channelresource and the at least one physical random access channel resourcefor transmitting the beam failure recovery request.

In various embodiments, the at least one downlink antenna portassociated with the at least one physical uplink control channelresource is at least partially co-located with at least one servingdownlink antenna port.

In one embodiment, the method includes transmitting a beam failurerecovery request on the at least one physical uplink control channelresource based on a timing advance value associated with the at leastone serving downlink antenna port.

In certain embodiments, the method includes transmitting a beam failurerecovery request on the at least one physical random access channelresource if a timing advance value associated with the at least oneserving downlink antenna port is not valid.

In one embodiment, an apparatus includes: a processor that measures afirst set of reference signals for radio link monitoring; and a receiverthat receives an indication of a second set of reference signals forradio link monitoring; wherein the processor resets a counter inresponse to reception of the indication of the second set of referencesignals, the first set of reference signals is associated with a firstset of downlink antenna ports, the second set of reference signals isassociated with a second set of downlink antenna ports, and the firstset of downlink antenna ports is different from the second set ofdownlink antenna ports.

In certain embodiments, the processor: generates a first in-syncindication or an out-of-sync indication based on measuring the first setof reference signals; generates a second in-sync indication in responseto reception of the indication of the second set of reference signals ifa value of the counter is not zero; increments the counter in responseto generation of the out-of-sync indication, and resets the counter inresponse to the first in-sync indication being generated or in responseto the second in-sync indication being generated.

In some embodiments, the processor: initiates a radio link failure timerbased on a result from measuring the first set of reference signals,wherein a radio link failure is identified in response to expiration ofthe radio link failure timer; and stops the radio link failure timer inresponse to reception of the indication of the second set of referencesignals.

In various embodiments, the first and second sets of reference signalscomprise a non-zero transmit power channel state information-referencesignal, a synchronization signal/physical broadcast channel block, orsome combination thereof

In one embodiment, the first set of reference signals is associated witha first set of serving physical downlink control channels, and thesecond set of reference signals is associated with a second set ofserving physical downlink control channels.

In certain embodiments, the indication of the second set of referencesignals is received in a physical downlink shared channel scheduled viaa physical downlink control channel, and the physical downlink controlchannel is associated with a reference signal of the second set ofreference signals.

In some embodiments, a subset of the first set of reference signals anda subset of the second set of reference signals are associated with athird set of downlink antenna ports, and the third set of downlinkantenna ports is a subset of the first set of downlink antenna ports andalso a subset of the second set of downlink antenna ports.

In various embodiments, the processor computes a metric for radio linkmonitoring for the third set of downlink antenna ports by combining afirst measurement of the subset of the first set of reference signalsand a second measurement of the subset of the second set of referencesignals.

In one embodiment, the apparatus includes a transmitter, wherein: thetransmitter transmits a beam failure recovery request; and the receiverreceives a response to the beam failure recovery request, wherein theresponse comprises configuration information corresponding to the secondset of reference signals.

In certain embodiments, the apparatus includes a transmitter, wherein:the transmitter transmits a beam failure recovery request for a sourcecell; the processor: generates an indication of beam recovery failure inresponse to failing to receive a response to the beam failure recoveryrequest within a configured time window; and initiates a connectionreestablishment procedure comprising a selection of a target cell inresponse to the indication of the beam recovery failure; the transmitterretransmits the beam failure recovery request for the source cell; theprocessor: determines whether beam recovery corresponding toretransmitting the beam failure recovery request succeeds; determineswhether the connection reestablishment procedure with the target cellsucceeds; in response to the beam recovery succeeding and the connectionreestablishment procedure being unsuccessful, maintains a firstconnection with the source cell; in response to the beam recovery beingunsuccessful and the reestablishment procedure succeeding, establishes asecond connection with the target cell; in response to the beam recoverysucceeding before the reestablishment procedure succeeds, maintains thefirst connection with the source cell; in response to the beam recoverysucceeding after the reestablishment procedure succeeds, establishes thesecond connection with the target cell; and in response to the beamrecovery being unsuccessful and the reestablishment procedure beingunsuccessful, the apparatus enters an idle state.

In some embodiments: the receiver receives an indication of at least onephysical uplink control channel resource and at least one physicalrandom access channel resource for transmitting a beam failure recoveryrequest, wherein each of the at least one physical uplink controlchannel resource and the at least one physical random access channelresource are associated with at least one downlink antenna port; and theprocessor determines an association between the at least one physicaluplink control channel resource, the at least one physical random accesschannel resource, and the at least one downlink antenna port based onthe indication of the at least one physical uplink control channelresource and the at least one physical random access channel resourcefor transmitting the beam failure recovery request.

In various embodiments, the at least one downlink antenna portassociated with the at least one physical uplink control channelresource is at least partially co-located with at least one servingdownlink antenna port.

In one embodiment, the apparatus includes a transmitter that transmits abeam failure recovery request on the at least one physical uplinkcontrol channel resource based on a timing advance value associated withthe at least one serving downlink antenna port.

In certain embodiments, the apparatus includes a transmitter thattransmits a beam failure recovery request on the at least one physicalrandom access channel resource if a timing advance value associated withthe at least one serving downlink antenna port is not valid.

In one embodiment, a method includes: transmitting a first set ofreference signals; transmitting an indication of a second set ofreference signals, wherein the first set of reference signals isassociated with a first set of downlink antenna ports, the second set ofreference signals is associated with a second set of downlink antennaports, and the first set of downlink antenna ports is different from thesecond set of downlink antenna ports; transmitting an indication of atleast one physical uplink control channel resource and at least onephysical random access channel resource for receiving a beam failurerecovery request, wherein each of the at least one physical uplinkcontrol channel resource and the at least one physical random accesschannel resource are associated with at least one downlink antenna port;receiving a beam failure recovery request; and transmitting a responseto the beam failure recovery request, wherein the response comprisesconfiguration information corresponding to the second set of referencesignals.

In certain embodiments, the first and second sets of reference signalscomprise a non-zero transmit power channel state information-referencesignal, a synchronization signal/physical broadcast channel block, orsome combination thereof.

In some embodiments, the first set of reference signals is associatedwith a first set of serving physical downlink control channels, and thesecond set of reference signals is associated with a second set ofserving physical downlink control channels.

In various embodiments, the indication of the second set of referencesignals is transmitted in a physical downlink shared channel scheduledvia a physical downlink control channel, and the physical downlinkcontrol channel is associated with a reference signal of the second setof reference signals.

In one embodiment, a subset of the first set of reference signals and asubset of the second set of reference signals are associated with athird set of downlink antenna ports, and the third set of downlinkantenna ports is a subset of the first set of downlink antenna ports andalso a subset of the second set of downlink antenna ports.

In certain embodiments, the at least one downlink antenna portassociated with the at least one physical uplink control channelresource is at least partially co-located with at least one servingdownlink antenna port.

In some embodiments, the beam failure recovery request is received onthe at least one physical uplink control channel resource based on atransmit timing advance value associated with the at least one servingdownlink antenna port.

In various embodiments, the beam failure recovery request is received onthe at least one physical random access channel resource if a transmittiming advance value associated with the at least one serving downlinkantenna port is not valid.

In one embodiment, an apparatus includes: a transmitter that: transmitsa first set of reference signals; transmits an indication of a secondset of reference signals, wherein the first set of reference signals isassociated with a first set of downlink antenna ports, the second set ofreference signals is associated with a second set of downlink antennaports, and the first set of downlink antenna ports is different from thesecond set of downlink antenna ports; and transmits an indication of atleast one physical uplink control channel resource and at least onephysical random access channel resource for receiving a beam failurerecovery request, wherein each of the at least one physical uplinkcontrol channel resource and the at least one physical random accesschannel resource are associated with at least one downlink antenna port;and a receiver that receives a beam failure recovery request; whereinthe transmitter transmits a response to the beam failure recoveryrequest, and the response comprises configuration informationcorresponding to the second set of reference signals.

In certain embodiments, the first and second sets of reference signalscomprise a non-zero transmit power channel state information-referencesignal, a synchronization signal/physical broadcast channel block, orsome combination thereof.

In some embodiments, the first set of reference signals is associatedwith a first set of serving physical downlink control channels, and thesecond set of reference signals is associated with a second set ofserving physical downlink control channels.

In various embodiments, the indication of the second set of referencesignals is transmitted in a physical downlink shared channel scheduledvia a physical downlink control channel, and the physical downlinkcontrol channel is associated with a reference signal of the second setof reference signals.

In one embodiment, a subset of the first set of reference signals and asubset of the second set of reference signals are associated with athird set of downlink antenna ports, and the third set of downlinkantenna ports is a subset of the first set of downlink antenna ports andalso a subset of the second set of downlink antenna ports.

In certain embodiments, the at least one downlink antenna portassociated with the at least one physical uplink control channelresource is at least partially co-located with at least one servingdownlink antenna port.

In some embodiments, the beam failure recovery request is received onthe at least one physical uplink control channel resource based on atransmit timing advance value associated with the at least one servingdownlink antenna port.

In various embodiments, the beam failure recovery request is received onthe at least one physical random access channel resource if a transmittiming advance value associated with the at least one serving downlinkantenna port is not valid.

In one embodiment, a method includes: operating a device with aplurality of antenna port groups for communication between the deviceand a network; and transmitting, by the device, device capabilityinformation to the network, wherein the device capability informationcomprises a number of antenna port groups of the plurality of antennaport groups, a number of antenna ports for each of the antenna portgroups, a maximum number of supported spatial layers for each of theantenna port groups, or some combination thereof.

In certain embodiments, the device capability information furthercomprises a list of supported antenna port group combinations, a maximumnumber of supported spatial layers for each antenna port groupcombination of the list of supported antenna port group combinations, orsome combination thereof.

In some embodiments, a first antenna port group of a first supportedantenna port group combination of the list of supported antenna portgroup combinations and a second antenna port group of the firstsupported antenna port group combination of the list of supportedantenna port group combinations are operable simultaneously forcommunication between the device and the network.

In various embodiments, a first antenna port group of the plurality ofantenna port groups is part of a first antenna panel, and a secondantenna port group of the plurality of antenna port groups is part of asecond antenna panel, and the first antenna panel is different from thesecond antenna panel.

In one embodiment, a first subset of the plurality of antenna portgroups comprises receive-capable antenna port groups and a second subsetof the plurality of antenna port groups comprises transmit-capableantenna port groups.

In certain embodiments, a first antenna port group of the plurality ofantenna port groups is a transmit-capable and receive-capable antennaport group, and the device capability information further comprises beamcorrespondence capability information for the first antenna port group.

In some embodiments, a second antenna port group of the plurality ofantenna port groups is a receive-only capable antenna port group, thesecond antenna port group is different from the first antenna portgroup, and wherein the method further comprises: receiving a referencesignal on the second antenna port group; determining a path lossestimate based on the received reference signal; determining a transmitpower of an uplink transmission on one or more antenna ports of thefirst antenna port group based on the determined path loss estimate andan offset term, wherein the offset term is based on a characteristic ofthe first antenna port group and the second antenna port group; andtransmitting the uplink transmission on the one or more antenna ports ofthe first antenna port group with the determined transmit power.

In various embodiments, the characteristic of the first antenna portgroup and the second antenna port group comprises a number of antennaelements in the first antenna port group and the second antenna portgroup, an antenna gain of the first antenna port group and the secondantenna port group, or some combination thereof

In one embodiment, the uplink transmission comprises a power headroomreport, the power headroom report includes an indication of the pathlossreference signal received on a different antenna port group than the oneor more antenna ports of the first antenna port group used fortransmitting the uplink transmission.

In certain embodiments, the method includes: receiving a configurationof a first power-offset value for a first antenna port group of theplurality of antenna port groups, and a second power-offset value for asecond antenna port group of the plurality of antenna port groups;receiving a transmit power control accumulation value for an uplinktransmission on one or more antenna ports of the first antenna portgroup; determining a transmit power for the uplink transmission on theone or more antenna ports of the first antenna port group based on thefirst power-offset value associated with the first antenna port group,and the received transmit power control accumulation value; andtransmitting the uplink transmission on the one or more antenna ports ofthe first antenna port group with the determined transmit power.

In some embodiments, a first antenna port group of the plurality ofantenna port groups is associated with a first set of one or morepathloss reference signals, a second antenna port group of the pluralityof antenna port groups is associated with a second set of one or morepathloss reference signal, and the first set of pathloss referencesignals is different from the second set of pathloss reference signals.

In various embodiments, the method includes: receiving a first set ofdownlink reference signals corresponding to a first set of networkdownlink beams on a first antenna port group of the plurality of antennaport groups, and a second set of downlink reference signalscorresponding to a second set of network downlink beams on a secondantenna port group of the plurality of antenna port groups; determininga first set of device receive beams based on the first antenna portgroup for receiving the first set of downlink reference signalscorresponding to the first set of downlink beams, and a second set ofdevice receive beams based on the second antenna port group forreceiving the second set of downlink reference signals corresponding tothe second set of downlink beams; identifying a tag index from a set {1,2, . . . , M_max} for each downlink beam of the first set of downlinkbeams and the second set of downlink beams; receiving a beam indicationassociated to a downlink transmission, wherein the beam indicationcomprises a first tag index from the set {1, 2, . . . , M_max}associated with the first antenna port group, and a second tag indexfrom the set {1, 2, . . . , M_max} associated with the second antennaport group; and receiving downlink transmission based on a first receivebeam of the determined first set of receive beams corresponding to afirst downlink beam of the first set of downlink beams associated withthe first tag index, and on a second receive beam of the determinedsecond set of receive beams corresponding to a second downlink beam ofthe second set of downlink beams associated with the second tag index.

In one embodiment, the method includes: identifying the tag index basedon one of: receiving, from the network, an indication of a tag indexmapping for each downlink beam of the first set of downlink beams andthe second set of downlink beams; and determining, by the device, thetag index and indicating to the network a tag index mapping for eachdownlink beam of the first set of downlink beams and the second set ofdownlink beams.

In certain embodiments, the method includes: receiving a plurality ofdownlink reference signals corresponding to a plurality of downlinkbeams on the first antenna port group and the second antenna port group;determining beam quality measurements for the plurality of downlinkbeams based on the received plurality of downlink reference signals;determining the first set of downlink reference signals from theplurality of downlink beams on the first antenna port group based on thedetermined beam quality measurements and a first beam quality criteria;and determining the second set of downlink reference signals from theplurality of downlink beams on the second antenna port group based onthe determined beam quality measurements and a second beam qualitycriteria.

In some embodiments, a value for M max is based on a size of the firstset of downlink reference signals, a size of the second set of downlinkreference signals, or some combination thereof.

In one embodiment, an apparatus includes: a processor that operates theapparatus with a plurality of antenna port groups for communicationbetween the apparatus and a network; and a transmitter that transmitsdevice capability information to the network, wherein the devicecapability information comprises a number of antenna port groups of theplurality of antenna port groups, a number of antenna ports for each ofthe antenna port groups, a maximum number of supported spatial layersfor each of the antenna port groups, or some combination thereof.

In certain embodiments, the device capability information furthercomprises a list of supported antenna port group combinations, a maximumnumber of supported spatial layers for each antenna port groupcombination of the list of supported antenna port group combinations, orsome combination thereof.

In some embodiments, a first antenna port group of a first supportedantenna port group combination of the list of supported antenna portgroup combinations and a second antenna port group of the firstsupported antenna port group combination of the list of supportedantenna port group combinations are operable simultaneously forcommunication between the apparatus and the network.

In various embodiments, a first antenna port group of the plurality ofantenna port groups is part of a first antenna panel, and a secondantenna port group of the plurality of antenna port groups is part of asecond antenna panel, and the first antenna panel is different from thesecond antenna panel.

In one embodiment, a first subset of the plurality of antenna portgroups comprises receive-capable antenna port groups and a second subsetof the plurality of antenna port groups comprises transmit-capableantenna port groups.

In certain embodiments, a first antenna port group of the plurality ofantenna port groups is a transmit-capable and receive-capable antennaport group, and the device capability information further comprises beamcorrespondence capability information for the first antenna port group.

In some embodiments, a second antenna port group of the plurality ofantenna port groups is a receive-only capable antenna port group, thesecond antenna port group is different from the first antenna portgroup, and wherein the method further comprises: receiving a referencesignal on the second antenna port group; determining a path lossestimate based on the received reference signal; determining a transmitpower of an uplink transmission on one or more antenna ports of thefirst antenna port group based on the determined path loss estimate andan offset term, wherein the offset term is based on a characteristic ofthe first antenna port group and the second antenna port group; andtransmitting the uplink transmission on the one or more antenna ports ofthe first antenna port group with the determined transmit power.

In various embodiments, the characteristic of the first antenna portgroup and the second antenna port group comprises a number of antennaelements in the first antenna port group and the second antenna portgroup, an antenna gain of the first antenna port group and the secondantenna port group, or some combination thereof.

In one embodiment, the uplink transmission comprises a power headroomreport, the power headroom report includes an indication of the pathlossreference signal received on a different antenna port group than the oneor more antenna ports of the first antenna port group used fortransmitting the uplink transmission.

In certain embodiments, the apparatus includes a receiver, wherein: thereceiver: receives a configuration of a first power-offset value for afirst antenna port group of the plurality of antenna port groups, and asecond power-offset value for a second antenna port group of theplurality of antenna port groups; receives a transmit power controlaccumulation value for an uplink transmission on one or more antennaports of the first antenna port group; the processor determines atransmit power for the uplink transmission on the one or more antennaports of the first antenna port group based on the first power-offsetvalue associated with the first antenna port group, and the receivedtransmit power control accumulation value; and the transmitter transmitsthe uplink transmission on the one or more antenna ports of the firstantenna port group with the determined transmit power.

In some embodiments, a first antenna port group of the plurality ofantenna port groups is associated with a first set of one or morepathloss reference signals, a second antenna port group of the pluralityof antenna port groups is associated with a second set of one or morepathloss reference signal, and the first set of pathloss referencesignals is different from the second set of pathloss reference signals.

In various embodiments, the apparatus comprises a receiver, wherein: thereceiver receives a first set of downlink reference signalscorresponding to a first set of network downlink beams on a firstantenna port group of the plurality of antenna port groups, and a secondset of downlink reference signals corresponding to a second set ofnetwork downlink beams on a second antenna port group of the pluralityof antenna port groups; the processor: determines a first set of devicereceive beams based on the first antenna port group for receiving thefirst set of downlink reference signals corresponding to the first setof downlink beams, and a second set of device receive beams based on thesecond antenna port group for receiving the second set of downlinkreference signals corresponding to the second set of downlink beams; anddetermines a tag index from a set {1, 2, . . . , M_max} for eachdownlink beam of the first set of downlink beams and the second set ofdownlink beams; and the receiver: receives a beam indication associatedto a downlink transmission, wherein the beam indication comprises afirst tag index from the set {1, 2, . . . , M_max} associated with thefirst antenna port group, and a second tag index from the set {1, 2, . .. , M_max} associated with the second antenna port group; and receivesdownlink transmission based on a first receive beam of the determinedfirst set of receive beams corresponding to a first downlink beam of thefirst set of downlink beams associated with the first tag index, and ona second receive beam of the determined second set of receive beamscorresponding to a second downlink beam of the second set of downlinkbeams associated with the second tag index.

In one embodiment, wherein the processor: identifies the tag index basedon one of: receiving, from the network, an indication of a tag indexmapping for each downlink beam of the first set of downlink beams andthe second set of downlink beams; and determining, by the apparatus, thetag index and indicating to the network a tag index mapping for eachdownlink beam of the first set of downlink beams and the second set ofdownlink beams.

In some embodiments, wherein: the receiver receives a plurality ofdownlink reference signals corresponding to a plurality of downlinkbeams on the first antenna port group and the second antenna port group;and the processor: determines beam quality measurements for theplurality of downlink beams based on the received plurality of downlinkreference signals; determines the first set of downlink referencesignals from the plurality of downlink beams on the first antenna portgroup based on the determined beam quality measurements and a first beamquality criteria; and determines the second set of downlink referencesignals from the plurality of downlink beams on the second antenna portgroup based on the determined beam quality measurements and a secondbeam quality criteria.

In certain embodiments, a value for M max is based on a size of thefirst set of downlink reference signals, a size of the second set ofdownlink reference signals, or some combination thereof.

In one embodiment, a method comprises: receiving a first SR (schedulingrequest) PUCCH (Physical Uplink Control Channel) resource configurationand a second SR PUCCH resource configuration associated with a logicalchannel, the first SR PUCCH resource configuration configuring a firstPUCCH resource, and the second SR PUCCH resource configurationconfiguring a second PUCCH resource; triggering a SR for the logicalchannel; determining a PUCCH resource for transmitting the SR betweenthe first PUCCH resource and second PUCCH resource based on transmissiontime occasion of the first PUCCH resource and the second PUCCH resource;and transmitting the SR on the determined PUCCH resource.

In certain embodiments, the method comprises: determining the firstPUCCH resource for transmitting the SR wherein the transmission timeoccasion of the first PUCCH resource is earlier than the transmissiontime occasion of the second PUCCH resource following the triggering ofthe SR; and transmitting the SR on the determined first PUCCH resource.

In some embodiments, the method comprises: receiving an indication of apriority between the first PUCCH resource and second PUCCH resource fortransmitting the SR, wherein the transmission time occasion of the firstPUCCH resource and the transmission time occasion of the second PUCCHresource occur in a slot following the triggering of the SR; determiningthe PUCCH resource for transmitting the SR based on the indicatedpriority; and transmitting the SR on the determined PUCCH resource.

In various embodiments, the first PUCCH resource has a duration shorterthan the duration of the second PUCCH resource.

In one embodiment, the first PUCCH resource has a duration shorter thanthe duration of the second PUCCH resource.

In one embodiment, an apparatus comprises: a receiver that receives afirst SR (scheduling request) PUCCH (Physical Uplink Control Channel)resource configuration and a second SR PUCCH resource configurationassociated with a logical channel, the first SR PUCCH resourceconfiguration configuring a first PUCCH resource, and the second SRPUCCH resource configuration configuring a second PUCCH resource; aprocessor that: triggers a SR for the logical channel; and determines aPUCCH resource for transmitting the SR between the first PUCCH resourceand second PUCCH resource based on transmission time occasion of thefirst PUCCH resource and the second PUCCH resource; and a transmitterthat transmits the SR on the determined PUCCH resource.

In certain embodiments, wherein: the processor determines the firstPUCCH resource for transmitting the SR wherein the transmission timeoccasion of the first PUCCH resource is earlier than the transmissiontime occasion of the second PUCCH resource following the triggering ofthe SR; and the transmitter transmits the SR on the determined firstPUCCH resource.

In some embodiments, wherein: the receiver receives an indication of apriority between the first PUCCH resource and second PUCCH resource fortransmitting the SR, wherein the transmission time occasion of the firstPUCCH resource and the transmission time occasion of the second PUCCHresource occur in a slot following the triggering of the SR; theprocessor determines the PUCCH resource for transmitting the SR based onthe indicated priority; and the transmitter transmits the SR on thedetermined PUCCH resource.

In various embodiments, the first PUCCH resource has a duration shorterthan the duration of the second PUCCH resource.

In one embodiment, the first PUCCH resource has a duration shorter thanthe duration of the second PUCCH resource.

Embodiments may be practiced in other specific forms. The describedembodiments are to be considered in all respects only as illustrativeand not restrictive. The scope of the invention is, therefore, indicatedby the appended claims rather than by the foregoing description. Allchanges which come within the meaning and range of equivalency of theclaims are to be embraced within their scope.

1. A method comprising: receiving information indicating a first pair ofthreshold values of a plurality of pairs of threshold values; measuringa first set of reference signals; assessing a radio link quality basedon the measurement of the first set of reference signals and the firstpair of threshold values; determining a link failure based on the radiolink quality; and transmitting a message including an indication of alink failure cause, wherein the link failure cause is associated withthe first pair of threshold values.
 2. The method of claim 1, whereinthe plurality of pairs of threshold values are predefined.
 3. The methodof claim 1, wherein the first pair of threshold values comprises anin-sync threshold value and an out-of-sync threshold value.
 4. Themethod of claim 1, wherein measuring the first set of reference signalscomprises measuring the first set of reference signals for radio linkmonitoring, and the link failure comprises a radio link failure.
 5. Themethod of claim 4, further comprising receiving a request to report userequipment information, wherein: transmitting the message comprisestransmitting a user equipment information response message in responseto reception of the request; the indication of the link failure causeincluded in the user equipment information response message is anindication of a radio link failure cause; and the radio link failurecause is associated with the first pair of threshold values.
 6. Themethod of claim 4, further comprising: initiating a radio link failuretimer based on a result from measuring the first set of referencesignals, wherein the radio link failure is determined in response toexpiration of the radio link failure timer; and stopping the radio linkfailure timer in response to reception of an indication of a second setof reference signals for radio link monitoring.
 7. The method of claim1, wherein the first set of reference signals comprises a non-zerotransmit power channel state information-reference signal, asynchronization signal and physical broadcast channel block, or somecombination thereof.
 8. The method of claim 1, wherein the first set ofreference signals is associated with a set of downlink antenna ports,and the set of downlink antenna ports is associated with a set ofserving physical downlink control channels.
 9. The method of claim 1,wherein a subset of the first set of reference signals is configured forradio link monitoring and beam failure detection.
 10. The method ofclaim 1, wherein measuring the first set of reference signals comprisesmeasuring the first set of reference signals for beam failure detection,and the link failure comprises a beam failure.
 11. The method of claim10, further comprising: transmitting a beam failure recovery request inresponse to determining the beam failure; and receiving a response tothe beam failure recovery request.
 12. The method of claim 11, whereinthe beam failure recovery request is transmitted on a physical uplinkcontrol channel resource.
 13. The method of claim 11, wherein the beamfailure recovery request is transmitted on a physical random accesschannel resource.
 14. The method of claim 1, wherein the radio linkquality is a first radio link quality and the link failure is a firstlink failure, and the method further comprises: assessing a second radiolink quality based on the measurement and a second pair of thresholdvalues; and determining a second link failure based on the second radiolink quality, wherein the link failure cause is associated with thefirst pair of threshold values and the second pair of threshold values.15. An apparatus comprising: a receiver that receives informationindicating a first pair of threshold values of a plurality of pairs ofthreshold values; a processor that: measures a first set of referencesignals; assesses a radio link quality based on the measurement of thefirst set of reference signals and the first pair of threshold values;and determines a link failure based on the radio link quality; and atransmitter that transmits a message including an indication of a linkfailure cause, wherein the link failure cause is associated with thefirst pair of threshold values.
 16. The apparatus of claim 15, whereinthe plurality of pairs of threshold values are predefined.
 17. Theapparatus of claim 15, wherein the first pair of threshold valuescomprises an in-sync threshold value and an out-of-sync threshold value.18. The apparatus of claim 15, wherein the processor measuring the firstset of reference signals comprises the processor measuring the first setof reference signals for radio link monitoring, and the link failurecomprises a radio link failure.
 19. The apparatus of claim 18, whereinthe receiver receives a request to report user equipment information,wherein: the transmitter transmitting the message comprises thetransmitter transmitting a user equipment information response messagein response to reception of the request; the indication of the linkfailure cause included in the user equipment information responsemessage is an indication of a radio link failure cause; and the radiolink failure cause is associated with the first pair of thresholdvalues.
 20. The apparatus of claim 18, wherein the processor: initiatesa radio link failure timer based on a result from measuring the firstset of reference signals, wherein the radio link failure is determinedin response to expiration of the radio link failure timer; and stops theradio link failure timer in response to reception of an indication of asecond set of reference signals for radio link monitoring.